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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Education and science journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-5828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSVPU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17853/1994-56392018-8-46-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edscience-1013</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПРОФОРИЕНТАЦИОННЫЕ ПРАКТИКИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИИ: СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CAREER GUIDANCE PRACTICES UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALISATION: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шафранов-Куцев</surname><given-names>Г. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shafranov-Kutsev</surname><given-names>G. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шафранов-Куцев Геннадий Филиппович – доктор философских наук, профессор, академик РАО, научный руководитель.  SPIN-код 5920–4694, </p><p>  AuthorID 496528.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tyumen.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.f.kucev@utmn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефимова</surname><given-names>Г. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimova</surname><given-names>G. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ефимова Галина Зиновьевна – кандидат социологических наук, доцент, заведующий учебно-научной социологической лабораторией.  SPIN-код 6600–6604, AuthorID 571660.</p><p>Тюмень.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tyumen.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.z.efimova@utmn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семёнов</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семёнов Максим Юрьевич – ассистент кафедры общей и экономической социологии, младший научный сотрудник социологической лаборатории. SPIN-код 2176–0409, Author ID 810575.</p><p>Тюмень.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tyumen.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.y.semenov@utmn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Тюменский государственный университет.<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">University of Tyumen.<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шафранов-Куцев Г.Ф., Ефимова Г.З., Семёнов М.Ю., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шафранов-Куцев Г.Ф., Ефимова Г.З., Семёнов М.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shafranov-Kutsev G.F., Efimova G.Z., Semenov M.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/1013">https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/1013</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Динамичные процессы глобализации, научно-технического и технологического прогресса актуализируют потребность в качественном подборе кадров для различных сфер экономики и производства. Успешная подготовка высококвалифицированных, конкурентоспособных специалистов невозможна без наличия адекватной системы сопровождения профессионального самоопределения, охватывающей все уровни образовательной системы и реализующейся в виде эффективных профориентационных практик.</p><p>Цель изложенного в публикации исследования – изучение и научное осмысление аспектов современной профориентационной деятельности, направленной на выявление предрасположенности каждого обучающегося к конкретному роду трудовой занятости.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы и методики</title><p>Методы и методики. На теоретическом этапе работы производились обзор и обобщение содержания научных источников, соответствующих заявленной теме и задачам исследования. В ходе эмпирического этапа изыскания использовался анкетный опрос, в котором приняли участие старшеклассники сельских, городских обычных и элитных школ Тюменской области (n = 1087). Применялся выборочный вторичный (сравнительный) анализ данных социологических исследований отечественных и зарубежных ученых.</p><p> Результаты и научная новизна. Обозначены мировые тенденции в области профориентации, рассмотрены реальные примеры положительного опыта, накопленного другими странами в этой сфере. Выделены наиболее острые проблемы осуществления профориентационной деятельности в российской системе образования. На основе социологического опроса установлены ведущие мотивы выбора профессии старшеклассниками, варьирующиеся в зависимости от статуса, типа и территории расположения учебного заведения, в котором они обучаются. Показаны отличия в степени удовлетворенности профориентационными мероприятиями учеников различных школ. Сделан вывод о том, что во избежание перекосов на рынке труда и многих других социальных проблем следует сосредоточить центр тяжести профориентационной работы на ступени общего образования, так как именно в этот период закладывается фундамент профессионального самоопределения человека. Подчеркивается необходимость смещения акцента профориентационных практик в школе с выявления способностей и предрасположенностей учащихся на их информирование о мире профессий и деятельное включение в него посредством участия в «трудовых пробах»; встреч с представителями различных специальностей и работодателями и иных форм и видов приближенной к реальной профориентации, осуществляемой как в стенах школы, так и за их пределами.</p><p>Для усиления профессиональной ориентации молодого поколения и оказания своевременной и полноценной адресной информационно-консультационной поддержки предлагается создание федеральной площадки на принципах добровольного взаимодействия всех заинтересованных сторон.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p> Практическая значимость. Материалы проведенного исследования и сделанные авторами выводы могут быть полезны для выработки обоснованных рекомендаций по усилению продуктивности профессиональной ориентации молодежи в системе образования. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In the context of globalisation, competition for high quality and highly effective human capital is increasing. Successful training of highly qualified specialists is impossible without an adequate system of professional orientation of young people that is implemented at all levels of the educational system and expressed in real career guidance practices. Thus, the relevance of scientific understanding and analysis of career guidance activities carried out in modern times is manifested.</p><p>The aim of the publication was the study of modern vocational guidance practices present and prevailing in the educational system of the Russian Federation, taking into account world experience.</p><p>Methodology and research methods. At the theoretical stage, the review and generalisation of scientific publications relevant to the stated theme and objectives of the research were carried out. To study career guidance practices, a questionnaire survey intended for high school students (1087 students of secondary rural, municipal and elite schools) of the Tyumen region was conducted. A selective secondary analysis of sociological studies published by the Russian and foreign scholars was undertaken.</p><p> Results and scientific novelty. Global trends in career guidance were designated; real examples of the positive experience accumulated by other countries in this sphere were reviewed. The most burning issues of the implementation of career guidance activity in the Russian education system were identified. On the basis of sociological survey, the leading motives of professional choice by high school students were established. It was determined that those motives vary according to a status, a type and a territory of educational institution in which students study. The differences in students’ degree of satisfaction with career guidance actions were shown. The authors conclude that to avoid labour market distortions and many other social problems, it is necessary to concentrate the center of gravity of career guidance work on the general education; therefore, during this period the foundation for professional self-determination of a person is provided. It is necessary to shift the vector of implementation of career guidance practices in the system of general education with the identification of students’ capabilities and predispositions, to inform and to involve them in the world of professions (e.g. employment practices, meetings with representatives of different specialties and employers, as well as other forms and types of career guidance both inside and outside school). The authors propose the creation of federal platform on the principles of voluntary interaction of all interested parties in order to strengthen the role of vocational guidance of the younger generation and to provide students with timely valuable informational and advisory support.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance. The materials and conclusions of the research can be used when developing effective recommendations to strengthen the process of professional orientation of young people in the education system. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>профориентация</kwd><kwd>профессиональное самоопределение</kwd><kwd>глобализация</kwd><kwd>общее образование</kwd><kwd>старшеклассники</kwd><kwd>школа</kwd><kwd>учреждения высшего образования</kwd><kwd>конкурентоспособность</kwd><kwd>конкуренция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vocational guidance</kwd><kwd>professional self-determination</kwd><kwd>globalisation</kwd><kwd>general education</kwd><kwd>high school students</kwd><kwd>school</kwd><kwd>institutions of higher education</kwd><kwd>competitiveness</kwd><kwd>competition</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мельник В. В. 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