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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Education and science journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-5828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSVPU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17853/1994-5639-2019-10-189-210</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edscience-1457</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ НАУЧНЫХ ПУБЛИКАЦИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS OF ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аттитюды педагогов в отношении инклюзивного образования детей с РАС: обзор отечественных и зарубежных исследований</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Teachers’ attitudes towards inclusive education of children with ASD: A review of Russian and foreign research</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1830-6991</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айсина</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aysina</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айсина Римма Михайловна – кандидат психологических наук, доцент кафедры возрастной психологии им. профессора Л. Ф. Обуховой </p><p>Researcher ID S-8781–2017; Scopus Author ID 56458814900</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rimma M. Aysina – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Developmental Psychology named after L. F. Obukhova</p><p>Researcher ID: S-8781-2017; Scopus Author ID: 56458814900</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rener@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7830-9337</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестерова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нестерова Альбина Александровна – доктор психологических наук, профессор кафедры социальной психологии </p><p>Scopus Author ID 56719360200</p><p>Мытищи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Albina A. Nesterova – Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Professor, Department of Social Psychology</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56719360200</p><p>Moscow region, Mytishchi</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anesterova77@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суслова</surname><given-names>Т. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suslova</surname><given-names>T. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суслова Татьяна Федоровна – кандидат психологических наук, доцент кафедры социальной работы </p><p>Scopus Author ID 56719395200</p><p>Мытищи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana F. Suslova – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Social Work</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56719395200</p><p>Moscow region, Mytishchi</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sibir812@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хитрюк</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khitryuk</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хитрюк Вера Валерьевна – доктор педагогических наук, доцент, директор Института инклюзивного образования </p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera V. Khitryuk – Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Director of the Institute of Inclusive Education</p><p>Minsk</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hvv64@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный психолого-педагогический университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow State University of Psychology and Education<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный областной университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow Region State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Белорусский государственный педагогический университет им. М. Танка<country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Belarusian State Pedagogical University named after Maxim Tank<country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>189</fpage><lpage>210</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Айсина Р.М., Нестерова А.А., Суслова Т.Ф., Хитрюк В.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Айсина Р.М., Нестерова А.А., Суслова Т.Ф., Хитрюк В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aysina R.M., Nesterova A.A., Suslova T.F., Khitryuk V.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/1457">https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/1457</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Успешность инклюзивного обучения детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра (РАС) зависит прежде всего от компетентности педагогов в этой области, их способности и желания понимать и учитывать в своей деятельности специфику образовательных потребностей таких учащихся. Для обеспечения полноценной инклюзии детей с РАС необходимо изучение мнения учителей о ней и выявление факторов, содействующих или препятствующих формированию готовности к работе с данной категорией школьников.</p><p>Цели статьи – с опорой на аналитический обзор российских и зарубежных научных источников обозначить и конкретизировать установки педагогов на образовательную инклюзию детей с РАС и вскрыть детерминанты, определяющие различную степень расположенности учителей к обучению указанной части контингента.</p></sec><sec><title>Методология и методы</title><p>Методология и методы. Теоретико-методологическую базу исследования составили социально-психологические концепции формирования инклюзивной культуры в обществе. В ходе работы были задействованы методы теоретического и сравнительного анализа, систематизации и обобщения материалов об истоках предубеждений различных социальных групп к детям с аутизмом и о проблемах профессиональной подготовки педагогов к работе в условиях инклюзии.</p><p>Результаты и научная новизна. На основе впервые предпринятого целостного, комплексного обзора научных публикаций об образовательной инклюзии детей с РАС выделены и описаны аттитюды к ней учителей массовых школ. Обозначены причины позитивного отношения к такого рода инклюзии и барьеры, мешающие воспринимать учеников с аутизмом в качестве полноправных участников образовательного процесса. Неприятие идеи о возможности и эффективности совместного обучения школьников с нормативным развитием и с РАС обусловлено как характеристиками самих педагогов (недостаточной информированностью о гетерогенности аутизма и его проявлений, неуверенностью в своих силах и способностях взаимодействовать с детьми, имеющими выраженные эмоционально-поведенческие нарушения), так и дефицитом методической и консультативной помощи, в частности отсутствием поддержки междисциплинарной командой специалистов. На готовность работать в условиях инклюзии с детьми с РАС могут оказывать влияние также возраст и профиль профессиональной деятельности педагогов. Предложены рекомендации по нивелированию негативных установок учителей общеобразовательных школ к обсуждаемому виду инклюзии.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для разработки мероприятий по повышению инклюзивной культуры педагогов, устранению их скептицизма по поводу обучения в массовых образовательных учреждениях детей с РАС и для создания конкретных технологий взаимодействия с ними как в образовательном контексте, так и самом широком спектре социальных ситуаций. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Contemporary psychological and pedagogical studies emphasise that the success of inclusive education of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) depends largely on teachers’ readiness and ability to understand students’ with ASD specific needs and take them into account when implementing learning technologies. Thus, it is extremely important to investigate teachers’ attitudes towards educational inclusion of students with autism and identify factors, which may facilitate or hinder teachers’ readiness to work with this category of students in an inclusive format.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. On the basis of an analytical review of Russian and foreign academic publications, the aims of the research were the following: to identify and specify the attitudes of teachers to the educational education of children with ASD; to reveal the factors that determine educators’ readiness to teach children with ASD.</p><p>Methodology and research methods. The theoretical and methodological framework of the research involves social and psychological concepts of an inclusive culture formation in the society. The authors used the methods of theoretical and comparative analysis, systematisation and generalisation of research publications and materials concerning the origins of stereotypical views of different social groups towards children with autism and the problems of professional training of teachers to work in the conditions of inclusion.</p><p>Results and scientific novelty. The teachers’ attitudes towards children with ASD are highlighted and described on the basis of a complete and complex review of academic publications, which was undertaken for the first time. The authors identify the reasons for positive attitude towards this kind of inclusion and barriers preventing the perception of students with autism as full participants in the educational process. The rejection of idea concerning the possibility and effectiveness of mutual learning of schoolchildren with normative development and with ASD results from the teachers’ characteristics (lack of awareness about the heterogeneity of autism and its manifestations, uncertainty in own forces and abilities to interact with children with expressed emotional and behavioural disorders) and from the lack of methodological and advisory assistance, including the absence of support by an interdisciplinary team of specialists. The age and profile of teachers’ professional activities may also be influenced by the willingness to work in the conditions of inclusion with children with ASD. The recommendations for change in negative attitudes of general education school teachers to the discussed type of inclusion are proposed.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance. The research results can be used to develop a set of measures for improving the inclusive culture of teachers and eliminate their skepticism about teaching in mainstream educational institutions for children with ASD. Moreover, the present findings might help to design specific technologies for interaction with children both in the educational context and in the widest range of social situations. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аутизм</kwd><kwd>дети с расстройствами аутистического спектра</kwd><kwd>образовательная инклюзия</kwd><kwd>инклюзивная культура</kwd><kwd>обзорно-аналитическое исследование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autism</kwd><kwd>children with autism spectrum disorders</kwd><kwd>educational inclusion</kwd><kwd>inclusive culture</kwd><kwd>systematic review</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и БФФИ: международный научный проект № 18–513–00018 (код_Бел_а) «Психосоциальная модель и механизмы преодоления стигматизации и негативных установок у педагогов и родителей в процессе образовательной инклюзии детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра (РАС)».</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was performed with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research, international scientific project № 18-51300018 (code_Bel_a) “</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Адеева Т. 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