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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Education and science journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-5828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSVPU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17853/1994-5639-2020-3-148-171</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edscience-1605</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY OF EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Периодизация развития начального и среднего технического и ремесленного образования Башкортостана</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Periodisation of Primary and Secondary Technical and Vocational Education Development in the Republic of Bashkortostan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5269-2406</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аминов</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aminov</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аминов Тахир Мажитович – доктор педагогических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры педагогики и психологии</p><p>Scopus Author ID 56275463900</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tahir M. Aminov – Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Pedagogy and Psychology</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tahir-aminov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асадуллин</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Asadullin</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асадуллин Раиль Мирваевич – доктор педагогических наук, профессор, Председатель Комитета по образованию, культуре, молодежной политике и спорту</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rail M. Asadullin – Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Chairman of the Committee on Education, Culture, Youth Policy and Sports</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rail_53@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный педагогический университет им. М. Акмуллы</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное собрание – Курултай Республики Башкортостан</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Assembly – Kurultai of the Republic of Bashkortostan</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>148</fpage><lpage>171</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аминов Т.М., Асадуллин Р.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аминов Т.М., Асадуллин Р.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aminov T.M., Asadullin R.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/1605">https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/1605</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Профессиональное образование всегда было и остается сегодня одним из главных факторов успешного устойчивого развития общества в целом и отдельной личности в частности. Поэтому в государственной политике разных стран мира, в том числе и России, повышенное внимание уделяется тем институтам, которые занимаются обучением специалистов для ведущих секторов экономики и производства. Для выработки эффективных политических мер и прогнозирования их результативности крайне важно выявление потенциала национальной системы профобразования, изучение ее фазисных изменений и векторов эволюции, рефлексия и обобщение имеющегося опыта организации системы и поддержки ее функционирования на общегосударственном и региональном уровнях.</p><p>Цель изложенного в публикации исследования состояла в выделении и характеристике основных периодов развития начального и среднего технического и ремесленного образования одного из крупных регионов России Республики Башкортостан.</p></sec><sec><title>Методология и методы</title><p>Методология и методы. Работа базировалась на системном и цивилизационном подходах. Ретроспективный анализ проводился с опорой на историко-типологический и сравнительно-сопоставительный методы, а также на две концептуальные модели. В первой педагогический процесс рассматривается как целостная, детерминированная конкретно-историческими условиями система. В другой, сконструированной одним из авторов настоящей статьи, ведущими являются логика и структура этого процесса в современном его осмыслении. В совокупности эти концепции позволяют адекватно представить историко-педагогический опыт и экстраполировать его на современную образовательную теорию и практику.</p><p>Результаты и научная новизна. Обозначены социально-экономические, педагогические, организационно-управленческие факторы периодизации развития системы начального и среднего технического и ремесленного образования Башкортостана. Впервые на локальном республиканском уровне выделены и описаны основные фазы обсуждаемого процесса – начиная с доинституциональной стадии и до наших дней. Показано, что траектория поэтапного становления и совершенствования исследуемых направлений и ступеней профессиональной подготовки на территории республики обусловлена общими законами развития социальных структур. Несмотря на определенную специфику, обнаруженные тенденции в области регионального образования вполне соотносятся с общероссийскими процессами.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Результаты исследования могут быть полезны и уже используются при разработке программ подготовки профессиональных кадров, в частности они обогащают содержание таких дисциплин, как «История педагогики и образования», «История», различных спецкурсов и учебных разделов, освещающих вопросы состояния и перспектив технического и ремесленного образования. Кроме того, материалы изыскания могут найти применение при выстраивании региональной образовательной политики.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Vocational education has always been and still is one of the main factors of successful sustainable development of society as a whole and of the individual in particular. Therefore, in the state policy of different countries of the world, including Russia, special attention is being given to the institutions, which train specialists for the leading sectors of the economy and production. For developing effective policy measures and predicting its effectiveness, it is essential to identify the potential of national vocational education system, to study its phase changes and evolution vectors, to analyse and summarise existing experience in the organisation of the system and to support its functioning at the national and regional levels.</p><p>The aim of the present research is to identify and characterise the main periods of development of primary and secondary technical and vocational education in one of the major regions of Russia – the Republic of Bashkortostan.</p><p>Methodology and research methods. The research methodology is based on the system and civilisational approaches. The retrospective analysis was conducted through historical, typological and comparative methods, as well as two conceptual models. In the first model, the pedagogical process is presented as a complete system determined by specific historical conditions. The second model, designed by one of the authors of this article, is based on the logic and structure of this process in its contemporary understanding. These concepts provide adequate analysis and extrapolation of historical and pedagogical experience into modern educational theory and practice.</p><p>Results and scientific novelty. The authors identified socio-economic, pedagogical, organisational and managerial factors of periodisation of the system of primary and secondary technical and vocational education development of Bashkortostan. For the first time, at the local republican level, the main phases of the process have been identified and described, starting with the pre-institutional stage to the present day. It is demonstrated that the trajectory of gradual formation and improvement of the investigated directions and stages of vocational training in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan is regulated by the general laws on the development of social structures. Despite some specificity, the trends in regional education found are quite related to all-Russian processes.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance. The research results can be useful and are already being used when developing and designing vocational development programmes, in particular, they enrich the content of such disciplines as “History of Pedagogy and Education”, “History”, various special courses and curriculum units, concerning the issues on the state and prospects of technical and vocational education. In addition, the research materials can be used for developing regional educational policy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>техническое образование</kwd><kwd>ремесленное образование</kwd><kwd>периодизация</kwd><kwd>историко-педагогическое исследование</kwd><kwd>Башкортостан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>technical education</kwd><kwd>vocational education</kwd><kwd>periodisation</kwd><kwd>historical and pedagogical research</kwd><kwd>Bashkortostan</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 20–013–00648.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the framework of the scientific project № 20–013–00648.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аминов Т. 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