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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Education and science journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-5828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSVPU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17853/1994-5639-2022-2-84-115</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edscience-2588</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩИЕ ВОПРОСЫ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENERAL EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие образовательной робототехники: проблемы и перспективы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of educational robotics: Problems and prospects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8575-6242</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaytseva</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зайцева Светлана Анатольевна – доктор педагогических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой математики, информатики и методики обучения </p><p>ResearcherID AAV-2525-2021</p><p>Шуя</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Zaytseva – Dr. Sci. (Education), Professor, Head of the Department of Mathematics, Informatics and Methods of Teaching</p><p>Shuya</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Z_A_S_@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6885-7452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванов Владимир Вячеславович – кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры математики, информатики и методики обучения </p><p>Шуя</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Ivanov – Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, Informatics and Methods of Teaching of Teaching</p><p>Shuya</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivv.consultant.37@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9399-7553</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселев</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiselev</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киселев Вадим Сергеевич – аспирант 3 курса по направлению 44.06.01 Образование и педагогические науки</p><p>Шуя</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim S. Kiselev – 3rd-year Postgraduate Student, Cand. Sci. Degree Programme 44.06.01 Education and Pedagogical Sciences</p><p>Shuya</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vkiselev2@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2154-7614</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубаков</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubakov</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зубаков Александр Федорович – аспирант 3 курса по направлению 44.06.01 Образование и педагогические науки</p><p>Шуя</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander F. Zubakov – 3rd-year Postgraduate Student, Cand. Sci. Degree Programme 44.06.01 Education and Pedagogical Sciences</p><p>Shuya</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shurikguardian@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Шуйский филиал ФГБОУ ВО «Ивановский государственный университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shuya Branch of Ivanovo State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>115</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зайцева С.А., Иванов В.В., Киселев В.С., Зубаков А.Ф., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зайцева С.А., Иванов В.В., Киселев В.С., Зубаков А.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zaytseva S.A., Ivanov V.V., Kiselev V.S., Zubakov A.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/2588">https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/2588</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Включение школьников в освоение робототехники может служить результативным методом популяризации технического образования и средством профориентационной работы. Образовательную робототехнику можно рассматривать как средство интеграции науки, технологии, инженерии и математики в контексте школьного обучения, как инструмент формирования у обучающихся гибких навыков. Проблема нехватки и/или некомпетентности педагогических кадров в этой области является сдерживающим фактором на пути развития детского технического творчества.</p><p>Цель исследования состоит в том, чтобы на основе анализа развития популярного и перспективного направления детского технического творчества – образовательной робототехники – сравнить тренды её внедрения в различных государствах, выявить проблемы, возникающие на пути интеграции образовательной робототехники в школьное и дополнительное образование, и наметить пути преодоления указанных проблем.</p><p>Методология, методы и методики. Методологической основой исследования явились теории профессионального развития будущих педагогов и концепция прогнозирования перспектив в сфере образования.</p><p>Выявление проблем и перспектив интеграции робототехники в образование школьников проводилось методом тематического контент-анализа публикаций с глубиной поиска 10 лет, размещенных в базах Web of Science, Scopus, Google Академия и eLibrary.</p><p>Выявление потребности в педагогах по робототехнике в школьном и дополнительном образовании осуществлялось на основе обобщения результатов, полученных в ходе анкетирования руководителей и педагогов центров детского технического творчества. В онлайн-анкетировании на базе гугл-форм приняли участие 275 респондентов из 11 регионов России.</p><p>Диагностика заинтересованности и готовности к получению дополнительного образования по образовательной робототехнике педагогов проведена на основе анкетирования студентов педагогических направлений подготовки. В исследовании приняли участие 185 студентов – будущих педагогов из 6 вузов России.</p><p>Оснащение оборудованием системы школьного и дополнительного образования России, а также доступность соответствующего оборудования для школьников изучались на примере одного из российских регионов. Эмпирические данные получены из ежегодных отчетов образовательных учреждений.</p><p>Оценка наличия и качества методической поддержки занятий по робототехнике осуществлялась путём обработки данных онлайн-анкетирования педагогов, в котором приняли участие 98 респондентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Исследовательские работы по вопросам развития образовательной робототехники были разделены на три основные группы: робототехника как средство интеграции STEM; робототехника как средство формирования soft skills; робототехника как средство формирования профессиональных компетенций у педагогов. Выделены наиболее значимые проблемы интеграции образовательной робототехники в школьное и дополнительное образование: слабая материальная база для организации занятий; отсутствие или низкая квалификация имеющихся педагогов; отсутствие четкого системного плана внедрения робототехники в образование школьников; недостаток учебно-методического обеспечения. В качестве стратегий по обеспечению сферы образования педагогами по образовательной робототехнике предложены: внедрение в практику профессиональной подготовки педагогов в системе высшего образования профиля «Образовательная робототехника»; реализация профессиональной переподготовки по программе «Образовательная робототехника» для учителей информатики, математики, технологии, физики и начального образования; привлечение студентов – будущих педагогов к получению дополнительного образования на этапе обучения в вузе в рамках профессиональной подготовки «Педагогика дополнительного образования: Робототехника».</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна. Выявлены и описаны проблемы успешной интеграции робототехники в школьное и дополнительное образование, среди которых ведущей является отсутствие или низкая квалификация имеющихся педагогов по образовательной робототехнике. Намечены пути преодоления выделенных трудностей, основанные на взаимовыгодном сотрудничестве вузов, школ и центров дополнительного образования, обозначена системообразующая роль педагогических вузов в данном процессе.</p><p>Практическая значимость исследования заключается в возможности использования его результатов для определения перспектив развития образовательной робототехники, а также для выбора оптимальных путей профессиональной подготовки и/или переподготовки педагогических кадров для реализации данного вида деятельности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The inclusion of schoolchildren in the development of robotics can serve as an effective method of popularising technical education and a means of vocational guidance work. Educational robotics can be viewed as a means of integrating science, technology, engineering and mathematics in the context of school education, as a tool for developing flexible skills in students. The problem of the lack and/or incompetence of teaching staff in this area is a limiting factor in the development of children’s technical creativity.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Based on the analysis of the development of educational robotics (a popular and promising direction of children’s technical creativity), the current research aimed to compare the trends of its implementation in different countries, identify problems arising on the way of integrating educational robotics into school and additional education, and outline ways to overcome these problems.</p><p>Methodology and research methods. The methodological basis of the study was the theory of professional development of future teachers and the concept of forecasting the prospects in the field of education.</p><p>The identification of problems and prospects for the integration of robotics into the education of schoolchildren was carried out by the method of thematic content-analysis of publications with a search depth of 10 years, placed in the Web of Science, Google Academy and eLibrary databases.</p><p>The identification of the need for teachers in robotics in school and additional education was carried out on the basis of generalising the results obtained in the course of questioning the heads and teachers of children technical creativity centres. 275 respondents from 11 regions of Russia took part in the online survey based on Google forms.</p><p>Diagnostics of teachers’ interests and readiness to receive additional education in educational robotics was carried out on the basis of a questionnaire survey of students in pedagogical areas of training. The study involved 185 students – future teachers from 6 universities in Russia. The equipment of the system of school and additional education in Russia and the availability of appropriate equipment for schoolchildren were studied on the example of one of the Russian regions. The authors obtained empirical data from the annual reports of educational institutions.</p><p>The assessment of the availability and quality of methodological support for robotics classes was carried out by processing data from an online survey of teachers, in which 98 respondents took part.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Research papers on the development of educational robotics have been divided into three main groups: robotics as a means of STEM integration; robotics as a means of forming Soft Skills; robotics as a means of forming professional competencies among teachers. The most significant problems of integrating educational robotics into school and additional education are highlighted: weak material base for organising classes; absence or low qualification of existing teachers; lack of a clear systemic plan for the implementation of robotics in the education of schoolchildren; lack of educational and methodological support. As strategies for the provision of education with teachers in educational robotics, the following are proposed: introduction into the practice of professional training of teachers in the higher education system of the profile “Educational Robotics”; implementation of professional retraining under the “Educational Robotics” programme for teachers of computer science, mathematics, technology, physics and primary education; attracting students –future teachers to receive additional education at the stage of study at the university in the framework of professional training “Pedagogy of Additional Education: Robotics”.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty. The problems of successful integration of robotics into school and additional education are identified and described, among which the leading one is the absence or low qualifications of existing teachers in educational robotics. The ways of overcoming the identified difficulties based on mutually beneficial cooperation of universities, schools and centres of additional education are outlined; the system-forming role of pedagogical universities in this process is outlined.</p><p>The practical significance of the study consists in the possibility of using its results to determine the prospects for the development of educational robotics, as well as to select the optimal ways of professional training and/or retraining of teaching staff for the implementation of this type of activity.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высшее образование</kwd><kwd>студент</kwd><kwd>дополнительное образование</kwd><kwd>школа</kwd><kwd>техническое творчество</kwd><kwd>робототехника</kwd><kwd>педагоги</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>higher education</kwd><kwd>student</kwd><kwd>additional education</kwd><kwd>school</kwd><kwd>technical creativity</kwd><kwd>robotics</kwd><kwd>teachers</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и Ивановской области в рамках научного проекта № 20-413-370001.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) and Ivanovo Region, project number 20-413-370001.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fillipov S., Ten N., Shirokolobov I., Fradkov A. 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