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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Education and science journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-5828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSVPU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17853/1994-5639-2022-2-169-205</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edscience-2591</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ОБРАЗОВАНИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Буллинг и кибербуллинг в современной школе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bullying and cyberbullying in a modern school</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9236-161X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаров</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarov</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Назаров Владимир Лазаревич – доктор педагогических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры организации работы с молодежью Уральского федерального университета имени первого Президента России Б. Н. Ельцина; профессор кафедры проектного управления в образовании Института развития образования Свердловской области</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir L. Nazarov – Dr. Sci. (Education), Associate Professor, Professor, Department of Organisation of Work with Youth, Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin; Professor, Department of Project Management in Education, Institute for Education Development of the Sverdlovsk Region</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.l.nazarov@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-6711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авербух</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Averbuk</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авербух Наталья Владимировна – старший преподаватель учебно-научного центра «Информационная безопасность» Института радиоэлектроники и информационных технологий – РтФ </p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Averbukh – Senior Lecturer, Engineering School of Information Technologies, Telecommunications and Control Systems</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalya_averbukh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0985-825X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буйначева</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buinacheva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Буйначева Анна Владиславовна – заведующий лабораторией кафедры филологии Специализированного учебно-научного центра</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Buinacheva – Head of the Laboratory, Department of Philology, Specialised Educational and Scientific Center</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.v.buinacheva@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б. Н. Ельцина; &#13;
Институт развития образования Свердловской области</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin; &#13;
Institute for Education Development of the Sverdlovsk Region</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б. Н. Ельцина</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>169</fpage><lpage>205</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Назаров В.Л., Авербух Н.В., Буйначева A.B., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Назаров В.Л., Авербух Н.В., Буйначева A.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nazarov V.L., Averbuk N.V., Buinacheva A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/2591">https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/2591</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Одним из аспектов цифровизации образования  является перенос межличностных отношений и групповых процессов в виртуальную среду. Буллинг, одна из серьезнейших проблем школьных сообществ, так же актуальна и при общении в интернете. Опасность как буллинга, так и кибербуллинга в том, что данные процессы могут протекать в среде обучающихся скрыто от взрослых. Возможность неявного протекания травли затрудняет противодействие, так как со стороны ситуация может представляться благополучной. По этой же причине реальный масштаб явления не очевиден и нуждается в оценке и регулярном уточнении.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Исследование субъективных представлений обучающихся о проявлениях и опыте буллинга и кибербуллинга в образовательной и интернет-среде.</p><p>Методология, методы и методики. Для исследования проблемы была разработана анкета, позволяющая выявить тип и форму участия в буллинге и кибербуллинге. Анкетирование проводилось среди 1762 обучающихся среднего звена организаций общего и среднего профессионального образования (ООО и СПО) Екатеринбурга и Свердловской области.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Было выявлено наличие как буллинга, так и кибербуллинга в образовательных организациях Свердловской области. Были установлены наиболее распространенные формы обоих типов преследования и распределение по типам участия. Распределение в школьном буллинге: жертвы – 35,5 %, зачинщики – 15,7 %, рядовые участники – 11,5 %, свидетели – 42,0 %. В школьном кибербуллинге: жертвы – 20,4 %, агрессоры – 7,7 %, подстрекатели – 4,7 %, рядовые участники – 6,4 %, свидетели – 20,4 %. Трансформация буллинга в цифровом пространстве сохраняет структуру и типы участия, но адаптирует формы преследования и степень вовлеченности участников. Можно утверждать, что вовлеченность в кибербуллинг (во всех ролях) ниже вовлеченности в школьный буллинг. Результаты позволяют начать исследование зависимости форм и мотивации участников травли от пространства, в котором реализуются эти отношения.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна. В работе предлагается сквозное сравнение различных форм буллинга и кибербуллинга в школьных коллективах, фиксируемое у представителей разных форм травли (жертва, преследователь, свидетель).</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Предлагаемый в работе опросник может быть использован в дальнейшем для аналитического исследования буллинга и кибербуллинга в школьных коллективах.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. One of the aspects of digitalisation of education is the transfer of interpersonal relations and group processes into a virtual environment. Bullying, one of the biggest problems in school communities, is also relevant when communicating on the Internet. The danger of both bullying and cyberbullying is that the bullying processes can be hidden from the eyes of adults, which makes it difficult to counteract, because from the outside the situation may seem favourable. For the same reason, the scope of the phenomenon needs to be assessed and clarified.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The current research aimed to investigate students’ subjective perceptions of the manifestations and experiences of bullying and cyberbullying in educational and online environment.</p><p>Methodology and research methods. To study the problem, a questionnaire was developed to identify the type and form of participation in school bullying and cyberbullying. The questionnaire survey was carried out among 1762 middle-level students of educational organisations of general secondary education and secondary vocational training in Ekaterinburg and the Sverdlovsk region.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The presence of both school bullying and cyberbullying in the educational organisations of the Sverdlovsk region was revealed. The most common forms of both types of persecution and distribution by type of participation were identified. Distribution in school bullying: victims – 35.5%, instigators – 15.7%, ordinary participants – 11.5%, witnesses – 42.0%. In school cyberbullying: victims – 20.4%, aggressors – 7.7%, instigators – 4.7%, ordinary participants – 6.4%, witnesses – 20.4%. The transformation of school bullying in the digital space preserves the structure, types of participation, but adapts the forms of bullying and the degree of involvement of the participants. It can be argued that the involvement in cyberbullying (in all roles) is lower than the involvement in school bullying. The research results make it possible to start a study of the dependence of the forms and motivation of the persecutors on the space, in which these relations are realised.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty. The present research demonstrates a cross-cutting comparison of various forms of bullying and cyberbullying in school communities, recorded in representatives by different forms of bullying (victim, stalker, witness).</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance. The questionnaire proposed in this paper can be used for the further analytical research on bullying and cyberbullying in school communities.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>школа</kwd><kwd>подростки</kwd><kwd>буллинг</kwd><kwd>кибербуллинг</kwd><kwd>формы буллинга</kwd><kwd>формы кибербуллинга</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>school</kwd><kwd>teenagers</kwd><kwd>bullying</kwd><kwd>cyberbullying</kwd><kwd>forms of bullying</kwd><kwd>forms of cyberbullying</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (РФФИ) в рамках научного проекта № 19-29-14176.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бочавер А. А., Хломов К. Д. Буллинг как объект исследований и культурный феномен // Психология. 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