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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Education and science journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-5828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSVPU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17853/1994-5639-2022-4-168-199</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edscience-2677</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ОБРАЗОВАНИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Идеалы студенческой молодежи в соотнесении с настоящим, возможным и анти-идеальным</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The ideals of student youth in relation to the present, possible and anti-ideal</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6352-1554</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaeva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николаева Ирина Александровна – кандидат психологических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры психологии и здоровьесбережения</p><p>г. Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Nikolaeva – Cand. Sci. (Psychology), Associate Professor, Department of Psychology and Health Preservation</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikolaeva-irina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт развития образования и социальных технологий<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute for the Development of Education and Social Technologies<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>168</fpage><lpage>199</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Николаева И.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Николаева И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikolaeva I.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/2677">https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/2677</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Изучение идеалов молодежи представляет традиционный интерес в связи с тем, что они дают понимание ценностей и социальных ориентиров молодежи, определяющих выбор будущего и текущего социального поведения. Идеалы являются компонентом единого образа мира во взаимосвязи с актуальным (настоящим), возможным/невозможным и анти-идеальным как фундаментальными модусами человеческого бытия. Соотнесение идеалов с указанными категориями раскрывает их функциональные возможности как регуляторов социального поведения. Наиболее полно данная система категорий применяется в теориях Я-концепций и идентичности личности. Однако пока отсутствует изучение данных категорий как единой оценочно-регулятивной психологической системы в изучении образа социального мира молодежи.</p><p>Цель статьи – изучение идеалов студенческой молодежи в контексте желаемого/настоящего, возможного/невозможного, допустимого/недопустимого (анти-идеального).</p><p>Методология, методы и методики. Объектом исследования стали образы «других людей» с социально-групповыми и характеристическими признаками, свободно воспроизводимые студентами. Участники онлайн-исследования: 284 студента-второкурсника, которые воспроизвели 6 472 образа «других людей» и дали им 13 961 характеристический признак. Для выявления имплицитной структуры искомых категорий респонденты оценивали «других» на неградуированной шкале «Низшее» (анти-идеальное) – Я – «высшее» (идеальное)». Имплицитная структура включает: идеалы-эталоны; образы желаемого-возможного; образы настоящего (равноценные Я); образы нежелательного, но возможного и допустимого; образы недопустимого (анти-идеалы). Сравнение идеалов-эталонов с другими оценочно-регулятивными категориями выполнено по трем параметрам: 1) частота актуализации в сознании (актуальность); 2) социально-групповая (институциональная) специфика; 3) ценностное содержание характеристических признаков.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Определена частота актуализации образов: идеалы-эталоны (7,9 %), настоящее (15,4 %), желаемое-возможное (21,9 %), нежелательное, но возможное и допустимое (44,9 %), анти-идеалы (5,6 %). Частота отражает актуальность категорий в общей оценочно-регулятивной системе и вероятность их появления в сознании студентов в ситуации неопределенности. Выявлено, что социально-институциональная специфика идеалов заключается в преобладании старших и женских образов, образов родственников, родителей и представителей науки. Приоритетность «близких» объединяет идеалы-эталоны с составом настоящего, а ориентация на «далеких» – с составом анти-идеалов. Установлено ценностное содержание идеалов-эталонов, репрезентирующее иерархию личностных ценностей студентов: 1) центральные ценности – коммуникативные и альтруистические; они с равной частотой отражены во всех регулятивных категориях; 2) первый уровень значимости – ценности познания; их актуальность возрастает в образах возможного-желаемого; 3) второй уровень – ценности достижения, борьбы и риска, практической деятельности, физических данных и комфорта; их актуальность возрастает в образцах возможного (желаемого и нежелательного); 4) третий уровень – ценности социальной нормативности; их актуальность возрастает для анти-идеалов. Образы настоящего указывают на низкую актуальность борьбы, риска и достижений. Образцы возможного соответствуют идеалам по содержанию ценностей и отражают ценности второго уровня наиболее конкретно и дифференцировано. Наиболее часто актуализируются образцы нежелательного возможного.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна. Ценности и социальные атрибуты идеалов рассмотрены в соотнесении с категориями настоящего, возможного (желательного и нежелательного), анти-идеального. Описаны количественные соотношения данных категорий в актуальном сознании молодежи.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Результаты целесообразно использовать для анализа и прогнозирования социального поведения молодежи.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The study of youth ideals is of traditional interest because they provide an understanding of youth values and social orientations, which determine the choice of future and current social behaviour. Ideals are a component of a single image of the world; they are interrelated with the actual (present), possible/impossible and anti-ideal as fundamental modes of human existence. The correlation of ideals with these categories reveals their functionality as regulators of social behaviour. The theories of self-concepts and identity most fully use this system of categories. However, there is still no research of these categories as a single functioning system when studying the image of the social world of young people.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The aim of the current research is to study the ideals of student youth in the context of the desired/present, possible/impossible, and permissible/unacceptable (anti-ideal).</p><p>Methodology and research methods. The object of research is images of “other people” with socio-group and characteristic features, freely reproduced by students. The online study involved 284 second-year students; they reproduced 6472 images of “others” and attributed 13961 features. To identify the implicit structure of the desired categories, the respondents evaluated “others” on an ungraded scale of “Bottom” (anti-ideal) – Self – “Top” (ideal). The implicit structure includes ideals; images of the present (equivalent Self); images of the desired-possible; images of the undesirable, but possible and permissible; images of the unacceptable (anti-ideals). The author compared the ideals with other evaluative and normative categories by three parameters: 1) the frequency of actualisation in consciousness (relevance); 2) socio-group (institutional) specificity; 3) the value-added content of characteristic features.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The frequency of updating images was determined: ideals (7.9%), present (15.4%), desirable-possible (21.9%), undesirable, but possible and permissible (44.9%), anti-ideals (5.6%). Frequency reflects the relevance of categories in the general evaluation and regulatory system, and the probability of their occurrence in students’ minds in a situation of uncertainty. The socio-institutional specificity of ideals lies in the predominance of older and female images, images of relatives, parents and representatives of science. The priority of “loved ones” combines ideals-standards with the composition of the present, and orientation to “distant ones” as anti-ideals. It was found that the content of the ideals represents the hierarchy of personal students’ values and includes several levels: 1) central values are communicative and altruistic; they have the same frequency in all the compared categories; 2) the first level of significance is the values of knowledge; their relevance increases in terms of the possible-desired; 3) the second level is the values of achievement, struggle and risk, practical activity, physical data and comfort; their relevance increases in the samples of the possible (desirable and undesirable); 4) the third level is the values of social normativity; their relevance increases for anti-ideals. The images of the present indicate a low relevance of struggle, risk and achievements. The images of the possible correspond to ideals in the content of values, and reflect the values of the second level most specifically and differentiated. The most relevant are the samples of the undesirable possible.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty. The values and social attributes of ideals are considered in relation to the categories of the present, possible (desirable and undesirable), anti-ideal. Quantitative relations of these categories in the current consciousness of young people are described.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance. The results are useful for analysing and predicting the social behavior of young people.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>идеалы молодежи</kwd><kwd>ценности</kwd><kwd>настоящее</kwd><kwd>возможное-желаемое</kwd><kwd>возможное-нежелательное</kwd><kwd>анти-идеалы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>youth ideals</kwd><kwd>values</kwd><kwd>present</kwd><kwd>possible-desirable</kwd><kwd>possible-undesirable</kwd><kwd>anti-ideals</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Д. психол. н., профессор Р. В. Овчарова; ст. преп. Ю. А. Малюшина, О. Братчикова; РФФИ; правительство Курганской области</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>Dr. Sci. (Psychology), Professor R. V. Ovcharova; Yu. A. Malyushina, O. 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