edscienceОбразование и наукаThe Education and science journal1994-56392310-5828RSVPU10.17853/1994-5639-2024-9-42-73edscience-4001Research ArticleПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONФакторы формирования STEM-компетенций в условиях профессионального образования: аналитический обзор зарубежных исследованийFactors influencing the development of STEM competencies in vocational training: an analytical review of international studieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6523-4498ПоповаИ. Н.PopovaI. N.

Попова Ирина Николаевна – кандидат педагогических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник Научно-образовательного центра развития образования Высшей школы государственного управления,

Москва.

Scopus AuthorID: 57250283400;

ResearcherID: R-2109-2018. 

Irina N. Popova – Cand. Sci. (Education), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher of the Scientific and Educational Centre for Educational Development, Higher School of Public Administration,

Moscow.

Scopus AuthorID: 57250283400;

ResearcherID: R-2109-2018.

popova-in@ranepa.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-3746СатдыковА. И.SatdykovA. I.

Сатдыков Айрат Илдарович – заместитель руководителя Научно-образовательного центра развития образования Высшей школы государственного управления

Москва.

Airat I. Satdykov – Deputy Head of the Scientific and Educational Centre for Educational Development, Higher School of Public Administration,

Moscow.

satdykov-ai@ranepa.ruРоссийская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской ФедерацииRussian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration2024041120242694273Copyright © Попова И.Н., Сатдыков А.И., 20242024Попова И.Н., Сатдыков А.И.Popova I.N., Satdykov A.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/4001

Введение. Формирование STEM-компетенций по всему миру является одним из приоритетных направлений современных научных исследований. При этом факторы формирования STEM-компетенций остаются недостаточно изученными и отражены в результатах научных работ фрагментарно, что делает настоящее исследование актуальным и своевременным. Цель статьи состоит в систематизации научных представлений о STEM-компетенциях и условиях их формирования как предпосылки осознания перспектив развития STEM на ступени профессионального образования. Методология, методы и методики. Исследование является обзорно-аналитическим и направлено на отражение теоретического и прикладного аспектов STEM образования. В работе систематизируются научные взгляды на определение и модели формирования STEM-компетенций, анализируются научные статьи, относящиеся к периоду 2005–2024 годов, позволяющие выстроить систему факторов формирования STEM-компетенций в условиях профессионального образования в зарубежных странах. Результаты и научная новизна. Систематизированы факторы и представления об условиях формирования STEM-компетенций в процессе профессиональной подготовки кадров для инновационной экономики. Описана система факторов формирования STEM-компетенций. Выявлены барьеры, оказывающие тормозящее влияние на развитие данного направления. Практическая значимость. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при разработке образовательных программ подготовки специалистов по направлениям критических и сквозных технологий в системе профессионального образования.

Introduction. The development of STEM competencies worldwide is a priority in contemporary scientific research. Despite its significance for modern advancements in this field, the factors influencing the formation of STEM competencies remain insufficiently explored and are only partially addressed in existing scientific literature. This gap underscores the relevance and timeliness of the current study. Aim. The present research aimed to systematise scientific concepts regarding STEM competencies and the conditions necessary for their development, which are essential for understanding the prospects of STEM advancement in vocational education. Methodology and research methods. The research is a review-analytical study that aims to reflect on both the theoretical and applied aspects of STEM education. This paper systematises scientific perspectives on the definitions and models for the development of STEM competencies. It analyses scientific articles published between 2005 and 2024, facilitating the construction of a system of factors that influence the development of STEM competencies within the context of vocational education in foreign countries. Results and scientific novelty. The authors systematically organised the factors and concepts related to the conditions necessary for the development of STEM competencies within the context of vocational training for the innovation economy. A comprehensive system of factors influencing STEM competencies was described, and the barriers that impede the advancement of this area have been identified. Practical significance. The findings of the study can be applied to the development of educational programmes for training specialists in critical and end-to-end technologies within the vocational training system.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.