<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Education and science journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-5828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSVPU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17853/1994-5639-2024-10-190-217</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edscience-4067</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ОБРАЗОВАНИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие цифровых компетенций будущих служащих органов публичной власти: дифференцированный подход</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Developing the digital competencies of future public servants: a differentiated approach</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5044-7076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авалуева</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avalueva</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авалуева Наталия Борисовна – кандидат педагогических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник научно-образовательного центра развития образования Дирекции научно-технологического и цифрового развития Института «Высшая школа государственного управления»</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya B. Avalueva – Cand. Sci. (Education), Leading Researcher, Scientific and Educational Centre for Education Development, Directorate of Scientific, Technological and Digital Development, Institute of the Higher School of Public Administration</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avalueva-nb@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2082-1283</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаркуша</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garkusha</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаркуша Наталья Сергеевна – доктор педагогических наук, доцент, заместитель директора Института «Высшая школа государственного управления» </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya S. Garkusha – Dr. Sci. (Education), Associate Professor, Deputy Director of the Institute of Higher School of Public Administration, </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">garkusha-ns@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>190</fpage><lpage>217</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Авалуева Н.Б., Гаркуша Н.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Авалуева Н.Б., Гаркуша Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avalueva N.B., Garkusha N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/4067">https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/4067</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В условиях цифровой эпохи приоритетным условием обеспечения национальной безопасности, развития экономики в долгосрочной перспективе, повышения качества жизни граждан является продуктивная деятельность института государственной гражданской службы, поэтому актуальным представляется вопрос качества подготовки будущих служащих органов публичной власти в области информационно-коммуникационных технологий.</p><p>Цель статьи – разработка научно-методических основ дифференцированного подхода к развитию цифровых компетенций у будущих специалистов в сфере государственного и муниципального управления в процессе их обучения.</p><p>Методология, методы и методики. Методологической основой исследования явились методы и принципы системного анализа, общелогические методы научного познания (анализ, синтез, обобщение, индукция, дедукция), методы моделирования (мысленное моделирование, наглядное моделирование).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Дано определение категории «дифференциация» как особой формы организации образования. Выделены и обоснованы ключевые принципы: принцип уровневой сложности, индивидуализации, коллаборативности. Описана рамочная модель дифференцированной подготовки будущих служащих органов публичной власти в области цифровых технологий.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна. Разработана, обоснована и реализуется новая методология подготовки будущих специалистов сферы государственного и муниципального управления с учетом современных тенденций развития системы высшего образования в области цифровых технологий.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы как методология организации образовательной деятельности в системе высшего образования по подготовке будущих служащих органов публичной власти.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In the digital age, a primary condition for ensuring national security, fostering long-term economic development, and enhancing the quality of life for citizens is the effective functioning of state civil service institutions. Consequently, the quality of training for future employees in public authorities, particularly in the field of information and communication technologies, is of paramount importance.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The present research aims to establish scientific and methodological foundations for a differentiated approach to developing digital competencies among future specialists in public and municipal administration during their training.</p><p>Methodology and research methods. The methodological foundation of the study was grounded in the methods and principles of systems analysis, as well as general logical methods of scientific inquiry, including analysis, synthesis, generalisation, induction, and deduction. Additionally, it employed modelling techniques such as mental modelling and visual modelling.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The definition of the category “differentiation” as a specific form of educational organisation has been established. Key principles have been identified and substantiated, including the principles of complexity levels, individualisation, and collaboration. A framework model for the differentiated training of future public authority employees in the field of digital technologies has been outlined.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty. A new methodology for training future specialists in state and municipal administration has been developed, substantiated, and is currently being implemented, taking into account contemporary trends in the evolution of the higher education system, particularly in the realm of digital technologies.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance. The results obtained can serve as a methodology for organising educational activities within the higher education system, specifically for training future employees of public authorities.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>будущий служащий органов публичной власти</kwd><kwd>будущие специалисты в сфере государственного и муниципального управления</kwd><kwd>цифровые технологии</kwd><kwd>цифровые компетенции</kwd><kwd>цифровые навыки</kwd><kwd>дифференцированный подход</kwd><kwd>дифференциация</kwd><kwd>индивидуально-психологические особенности личности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>future public servant</kwd><kwd>future specialists in the field of state and municipal administration</kwd><kwd>digital technologies</kwd><kwd>digital competencies</kwd><kwd>digital skills</kwd><kwd>differentiated approach</kwd><kwd>differentiation</kwd><kwd>individual psychological characteristics of a person</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения государственного задания Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации «12.7–2024–1</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article has been prepared as part of the state assignment from the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, titled “12.7–2024–1</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okoye K., Daruich S.D.N., Castaño R., Enríquez de la O.J.F., Escamilla J., Hosseini S. Analyzing the impact of digitized-education toward the future of education: a comparative study based on students’ evaluation of teaching data. Studies in Educational Evaluation. 2024;82:101359. doi:10.1016/j.stueduc.2024.101359</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okoye K., Daruich S.D.N., Castaño R., Enríquez de la O.J.F., Escamilla J., Hosseini S. Analyzing the impact of digitized-education toward the future of education: a comparative study based on students’ evaluation of teaching data. Studies in Educational Evaluation. 2024;82:101359. doi:10.1016/j.stueduc.2024.101359</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mei L., Feng X., Cavallaro E. Evaluate and identify the competencies of the future workforce for digital technologies implementation in higher education. Journal of Innovation &amp; Knowledge. 2023;8:100445. doi:10.1016/j.jik.2023.100445</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mei L., Feng X., Cavallaro E. Evaluate and identify the competencies of the future workforce for digital technologies implementation in higher education. Journal of Innovation &amp; Knowledge. 2023;8:100445. doi:10.1016/j.jik.2023.100445</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lin L., Dong Y., Chen X., Shadiev R., Ma Y., Zhang H. Exploring the impact of design thinking in information technology education: An empirical investigation. Thinking Skills and Creativity. 2024;51:101450. doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2023.101450</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lin L., Dong Y., Chen X., Shadiev R., Ma Y., Zhang H. Exploring the impact of design thinking in information technology education: An empirical investigation. Thinking Skills and Creativity. 2024;51:101450. doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2023.101450</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ndubuisi G., Otioma C., Owusu S., Tetteh G. ICTs quality and technical efficiency: an empirical analysis. Telecommunications Policy. 2022;46:102439. doi:10.1016/j.telpol.2022.102439</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ndubuisi G., Otioma C., Owusu S., Tetteh G. ICTs quality and technical efficiency: an empirical analysis. Telecommunications Policy. 2022;46:102439. doi:10.1016/j.telpol.2022.102439</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dubey R.S., Tiwari V. Operationalisation of soft skill attributes and determining the existing gap in novice ICT professionals. International Journal of Information Management. 2020;50:375–386. doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.09.006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dubey R.S., Tiwari V. Operationalisation of soft skill attributes and determining the existing gap in novice ICT professionals. International Journal of Information Management. 2020;50:375–386. doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.09.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Daquilema Cuásquer B.A., Benítez Flores C.R., Jaramillo Alba J.A. Desarrollo de las habilidades TIC en los estudiantes. Sociedad &amp; Tecnología. 2019;2(2):36–44. doi:10.51247/st.v2i2.48</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daquilema Cuásquer B.A., Benítez Flores C.R., Jaramillo Alba J.A. Desarrollo de las habilidades TIC en los estudiantes. Sociedad &amp; Tecnología. 2019;2(2):36–44. doi:10.51247/st.v2i2.48</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Antequera Amaris R.R., Ramirez Molina R.I., Santamaria Ruiz M.J., Lay Raby N.D. Types of competencies of human talent supported by ICT: definitions, elements, and contributions. Procedia Computer Science. 2022;210:368–372. doi:10.1016/j.procs.2022.10.166</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Antequera Amaris R.R., Ramirez Molina R.I., Santamaria Ruiz M.J., Lay Raby N.D. Types of competencies of human talent supported by ICT: definitions, elements, and contributions. Procedia Computer Science. 2022;210:368–372. doi:10.1016/j.procs.2022.10.166</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wikström G., Bledow N., Matinmikko-Blue M., Breuer H., Costa C., Darzanosf G., et al. Key value indicators: a framework for values-driven next-generation ICT solutions. Telecommunications Policy. 2024;48:102778. doi:10.1016/j.telpol.2024.102778</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wikström G., Bledow N., Matinmikko-Blue M., Breuer H., Costa C., Darzanosf G., et al. Key value indicators: a framework for values-driven next-generation ICT solutions. Telecommunications Policy. 2024;48:102778. doi:10.1016/j.telpol.2024.102778</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Neumeyer X., Santos S. Digitalization and the entrepreneurial mindset: a conceptualization and research framework. IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON EUROPE). 2022:198–203. doi:10.1109/TEMSCONEUROPE54743.2022.9801937</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neumeyer X., Santos S. Digitalization and the entrepreneurial mindset: a conceptualization and research framework. IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON EUROPE). 2022:198–203. doi:10.1109/TEMSCONEUROPE54743.2022.9801937</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hensellek S. Digital leadership: a framework for successful leadership in the digital age. Journal of Media Management and Entrepreneurship (JMME). 2020;2(1):1–15. doi:10.4018/JMME.2020010104</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hensellek S. Digital leadership: a framework for successful leadership in the digital age. Journal of Media Management and Entrepreneurship (JMME). 2020;2(1):1–15. doi:10.4018/JMME.2020010104</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang F., Zhang Z., Ma X., Zhang Y., Li X., Zhang X. Paths to open government data reuse: a three-dimensional framework of information need, data and government preparation. Information &amp; Management. 2023;60(8):103879. doi:10.1016/j.im.2023.103879</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang F., Zhang Z., Ma X., Zhang Y., Li X., Zhang X. Paths to open government data reuse: a three-dimensional framework of information need, data and government preparation. Information &amp; Management. 2023;60(8):103879. doi:10.1016/j.im.2023.103879</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gebka E., Crusoe J., Ahlin K. Open data reuse and information needs satisfaction: a method to bridge the gap. In: CEUR Workshop Proceedings. 2020;2797:41–49. Accessed April 01, 2024. https://dgsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/CEUR-WS-Proceedings-2020_Full-Manuscript.pdf#page=55</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gebka E., Crusoe J., Ahlin K. Open data reuse and information needs satisfaction: a method to bridge the gap. In: CEUR Workshop Proceedings. 2020;2797:41–49. Accessed April 01, 2024. https://dgsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/CEUR-WS-Proceedings-2020_Full-Manuscript.pdf#page=55</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hernández A.C.C., de Velazco J.H., Prieto M.E.P. University social responsibility for the generation of ICT skills. Procedia Computer Science. 2022;210:373–377. doi:10.1016/j.procs.2022.10.167</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hernández A.C.C., de Velazco J.H., Prieto M.E.P. University social responsibility for the generation of ICT skills. Procedia Computer Science. 2022;210:373–377. doi:10.1016/j.procs.2022.10.167</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Picatoste J., Pérez-Ortiz L., Ruesga-Benito S.M. A new educational pattern in response to new technologies and sustainable development. Enlightening ICT skills for youth employability in the European Union. Telematics and Informatics. 2018;35(4):1031–1038. doi:10.1016/j.tele.2017.09.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Picatoste J., Pérez-Ortiz L., Ruesga-Benito S.M. A new educational pattern in response to new technologies and sustainable development. Enlightening ICT skills for youth employability in the European Union. Telematics and Informatics. 2018;35(4):1031–1038. doi:10.1016/j.tele.2017.09.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Angel Y.F. Competency-based education in information literacy. In: Reference Module in Social Sciences. 2024. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-95689-5.00204-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Angel Y.F. Competency-based education in information literacy. In: Reference Module in Social Sciences. 2024. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-95689-5.00204-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lim Y., Park H. Who have fallen behind? The educational reform toward differentiated learning opportunities and growing educational inequality in South Korea. International Journal of Educational Development. 2022;92:102599. doi:10.1016/j.ijedudev.2022.102599</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lim Y., Park H. Who have fallen behind? The educational reform toward differentiated learning opportunities and growing educational inequality in South Korea. International Journal of Educational Development. 2022;92:102599. doi:10.1016/j.ijedudev.2022.102599</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сладкова Н.М., Степаненко А.А., Ильченко О.А., Шапошников В.А. Квалификационные требования к государственным служащим в модели цифровых компетенций. Государственная служба. 2020;6(128):46–56. doi:10.22394/2070-8378-2020-22-6-46-56</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sladkova N.M., Stepanenko A.A., Il’chenko O.A., Shaposhnikov V.A. Qualification requirements for civil servants in the digital competency model. Gosudarstvennaja sluzhba = Public Administration. 2020;6(128):46–56. (In Russ.) doi:10.22394/2070-8378-2020-22-6-46-56</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сладкова Н.М., Ильченко О.А., Степаненко А.А., Шапошников В.А. Особенности оценки компетенций по информационной безопасности государственных и муниципальных служащих. Вопросы государственного и муниципального управления. 2021;1:122–149.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sladkova N.M., Il’chenko O.A., Stepanenko A.A., Shaposhnikov V.A. Features of assessing the information security competencies of state and municipal employees. Voprosy gosudarstvennogo i municipal’nogo upravlenija = Public Administration Issues. 2021;1:122–149. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гегедюш Н.С., Масленникова Е.В., Осипов В.А. Модели цифровой компетентности государственных служащих: подходы к формированию и оценке. Вестник университета. 2022;10:18–30. doi:10.26425/1816-4277-2022-10-18-30</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gegedjush N.S., Maslennikova E.V., Osipov V.A. Models of digital competence of civil servants: approaches to formation and assessment. Vestnik universiteta = University Bulletin. 2022;10:18–30. (In Russ.) doi:10.26425/1816-4277-2022-10-18-30</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каткова Е.Н., Жиганова Г.П., Саяпина А.А. Вопросы разработки методов диагностики специальных способностей к овладению информационными технологиями. Baikal Research Journal. 2018;9(1):12. doi:10.17150/2411-6262.2018.9(1).12</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Katkova E.N., Zhiganova G.P., Sajapina A.A. Issues of developing methods for diagnosing special abilities to master information technology. Baikal Research Journal. 2018;9(1):12. (In Russ.) doi:10.17150/2411-6262.2018.9(1).12</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Резер Т.М., Ловыгина А.М. Проблемы подготовки государственных и муниципальных служащих в условиях цифровизации и клипового мышления. Стратегии развития социальных общностей, институтов и территорий: материалы V Международной научно-практической конференции. Том 1; 22–23 апреля 2019 г. Екатеринбург: Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина; 2019:98–101. Режим доступа: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=40811461 (дата обращения: 01.04.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rezer T.M., Lovygina A.M. Problems of training state and municipal employees in the context of digitalization and clip thinking. In: Strategii razvitija social’nyh obshhnostej, institutov i territorij: materialy V Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii = Strategies for the Development of Social Communities, Institutions and Territories. Materials of the V International Scientific and Practical Conference; April 22–23, 2019; Ekaterinburg. Ekaterinburg: Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin; 2019:98–101. (In Russ.) Accessed April 01, 2024. https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=40811461</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Головко А.Д. Система методов в научных исследованиях. Научный электронный журнал Меридиан. 2020;4(38):84–86. Режим доступа: https://meridian-journal.ru/site/articlee508/?id=2947 (дата обращения: 01.04.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Golovko A.D. System of methods in scientific research. Nauchnyj jelektronnyj zhurnal Meridian = Scientific Electronic Journal Meridian. 2020;4(38):84–86. (In Russ.) Accessed April 01, 2024. https://meridian-journal.ru/site/articlee508/?id=2947</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Олейникова С.А. Моделирование: учебное пособие. Воронеж: Изд-во ВГТУ; 2020. 127 с. Режим доступа: https://cchgeu.ru/upload/iblock/f94/irjzehjjigm5m1xr3riwzccrf6sup5x8/Modelirovanie_ucheb_posobie.pdf?ysclid=lyrdt03hly440575216 (дата обращения: 02.04.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Olejnikova S.A. Modelirovanie = Modelling. Voronezh: Voronezh State Technical University; 2020. (In Russ.) Accessed April 02, 2024. https://cchgeu.ru/upload/iblock/f94/irjzehjjigm5m1xr3riwzccrf6sup5x8/Modelirovanie_ucheb_posobie.pdf?ysclid=lyrdt03hly440575216</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сидорова Л.В., Саланкова С.Е. Направления реализации индивидуального подхода при изучении информационных технологии. Научно-методический электронный журнал «Концепт». 2018;6. Режим доступа: http://e-koncept.ru/2018/186047.htm (дата обращения: 01.04.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sidorova L.V., Salankova S.E. Directions for implementing an individual approach when studying information technology. Nauchno-metodicheskij jelektronnyj zhurnal “Koncept” = Scientific and Methodological Electronic Journal “Concept”. 2018. (In Russ.) Accessed April 01, 2024. http://e-koncept.ru/2018/186047.htm.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ермош Е.Н. Реализация дифференциации обучения в образовательном процессе. Актуальные проблемы современности: наука и общество. 2017;1(14):50–55. Режим доступа: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/realizatsiya-differentsiatsii-obucheniya-v-obrazovatelnom-protsesse?ysclid=m0z12thsp1861048493 (дата обращения: 02.04.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ermosh E.N. Implementation of differentiation of training in the educational process. Aktual’nye problemy sovremennosti: nauka i obshhestvo = Current Issues of Our Time: Science and Society. 2017;1(14):50–55. (In Russ.) Accessed April 02, 2024. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/realizatsiya-differentsiatsii-obucheniya-v-obrazovatelnom-protsesse?ysclid=m0z12thsp1861048493</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рубинштейн С.Л. Основы общей психологии. Санкт-Петербург: Питер; 2002. 720 с. Режим доступа: https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/01005455612 (дата обращения: 12.06.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rubinshtejn S.L. Osnovy obshhej psihologii = Fundamentals of General Psychology. Saint-Petersburg: Publishing House Piter; 2002. 720 p. (In Russ.) Accessed June 12, 2024. https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/01005455612</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дружинин В.Н. Психология общих способностей. Санкт-Петербург: Питер; 2006. 249 с. Режим доступа: https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/01002989330 (дата обращения: 12.06.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Druzhinin V.N. Psihologija obshhih sposobnostej = Psychology of General Abilities. 3rd ed. Saint-Petersburg: Publishing House Piter; 2006. 249 p. (In Russ.) Accessed June 12, 2024. https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/01002989330</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жилина Н.Д., Лагунова М.В., Таренко Л.Б. Аналитические умения специалистов в области информационных технологий: сущностные характеристики и пути формирования. Нижний Новгород: Нижегородский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет; 2018. 115 с. Режим доступа: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=35578227&amp;ysclid=m0z17dcuv7245699414 (дата обращения: 02.04.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhilina N.D., Lagunova M.V., Tarenko L.B. Analytical skills of specialists in the field of information technology: essential characteristics and ways of formation. Nizhny Novgorod: Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering; 2018. (In Russ.) Accessed April 02, 2024. https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=35578227&amp;ysclid=m0z17dcuv7245699414</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee Y.F., Altschuld J.W., Tseng P.K., Hung H.S. Assessing study skill needs for information technology and computer science students in technical and vocational universities. Heliyon. 2023;9:e20915. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20915</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee Y.F., Altschuld J.W., Tseng P.K., Hung H.S. Assessing study skill needs for information technology and computer science students in technical and vocational universities. Heliyon. 2023;9:e20915. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20915</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
