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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Education and science journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-5828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSVPU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17853/1994-5639-2025-5-40-67</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edscience-4318</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>VOCATIONAL EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнение навыков критического мышления студентов гуманитарных и естественно-математических направлений подготовки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparison of critical thinking skills among students in humanities and applied mathematical fields of study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-601X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солодихина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solodikhina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солодихина Мария Владиславовна – доктор педагогических наук, профессор кафедры физики космоса – базовой кафедры ИНАСАН Московского педагогического университета; доцент кафедры гравитации и космологии Российского университета дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</p><p>Scopus Author ID 25030550200, Researcher  ID HHZ-3846-2022</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Solodikhina – Dr. Sci. (Education), Professor, Department of Space Physics – Basic Department of the INASAN Institute of Physics, Technology and Information Systems, Moscow Pedagogical State University; Educational and Scientific Institute of Gravity and Cosmology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</p><p>Scopus Author ID 25030550200, ResearcherID HHZ-3846-2022</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mv.solodikhina@mpgu.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2606-5991</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Одинцова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Odintsova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Одинцова Наталия Игоревна – доктор педагогических наук, профессор кафедры физики космоса – базовой кафедры ИНАСАН</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57221048394</p><p>Москва</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia I. Odintsova – Dr. Sci. (Education), Professor, Department of Space Physics – Basic Department of INASAN Institute of Physics, Technology and Information Systems</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57221048394</p><p>Moscow</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ni.odincova@mpgu.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский педагогический государственный университет; &#13;
Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Pedagogical State University; &#13;
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский педагогический государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Pedagogical State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Солодихина М.В., Одинцова Н.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Солодихина М.В., Одинцова Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Solodikhina M.V., Odintsova N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/4318">https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/4318</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Изучение гуманитарных наук часто рассматривается как основное средство развития таких навыков критического мышления, как анализ, синтез и интерпретация информации. Однако современные работодатели желают видеть у выпускников вузов кроме этих навыков еще и навыки аргументации, выдвижения новых идей, принятия решений, решения проблем. Встал вопрос о том, достаточно ли в современном высокотехнологичном мире методов и средств гуманитарного образования для формирования конкурентоспособных навыков критического мышления.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Исследование отличий в навыках критического мышления у студентов гуманитарных и естественно-математических направлений подготовки.</p><p>Методология, методы и методики. Изучение восприятия понятия «критическое мышление» студентами разных направлений подготовки проводилось с помощью опроса и мини-эссе. Оценивание уровня развития навыков критического мышления осуществлялось с помощью специально разработанного теста. В исследовании участвовали 1543 студента двух университетов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Обоснована трехуровневая таксономия актуальных навыков критического мышления. Показано, что преподаватели и студенты гуманитарной сферы связывают критическое мышление преимущественно с навыками работы в информационном пространстве и аргументации – навыками первого и второго уровней. Именно эти навыки у студентов-гуманитариев сформированы на хорошем уровне и лучше, чем у студентов-естественников. Студенты естественно-математических направлений подготовки существенно чаще относят к критическому мышлению навыки гипотетирования, формулирования суждений, принятия решений и решения проблем – навыки верхнего уровня. Эти навыки связаны с естественнонаучным методом и лучше развиваются на естественнонаучном контексте. Характеристики навыков, сформированные на различных контекстах, имеют отличия.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Для развития всей палитры актуальных навыков критического мышления необходимо наличие и гуманитарных, и естественно-математических дисциплин. Однако непрофильные дисциплины должны быть трансформированы: при преподавании гуманитарных дисциплин на естественно-математических направлениях подготовки следует сосредоточиться на развитии групп навыков работы с информацией и аргументации, а при преподавании естественно-математических дисциплин на гуманитарных направлениях подготовки – на развитии группы навыков решения проблем.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The study of the humanities is often regarded as a primary avenue for developing critical thinking skills, including analysis, synthesis, and interpretation of information. However, modern employers expect university graduates to possess not only these skills but also abilities in argumentation, innovation, decision-making, and problem-solving. This raises the question of whether contemporary methods and resources in humanities education are sufficient to cultivate a comprehensive set of competitive critical thinking skills among students.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The present research aims to examine the differences in critical thinking skills between students in the humanities and those in the natural and mathematical sciences.</p><p>Methodology and research methods. To compare the perceptions of the concept of “critical thinking” among students from different fields of study, a survey and a mini-essay were employed. A specially developed critical thinking test was utilised to assess the development of specific critical thinking skills. The study involved 1,543 students from two universities.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A three-level taxonomy of critical thinking skills is presented. It is demonstrated that both teachers and students in the humanities primarily associate critical thinking with skills related to information processing and argumentation – skills that correspond to the first and second levels of the taxonomy. Humanities students have developed these skills to a higher degree than their counterparts in the natural sciences. In contrast, students in natural and mathematical disciplines also engage in higher-level skills such as hypothetical thinking, judgment formulation, decision-making, and problem-solving. These top-level skills are more effectively cultivated within the context of the natural sciences, particularly through the application of scientific methods. The characteristics of skills developed in different educational contexts exhibit notable differences.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance. To cultivate a comprehensive range of critical thinking skills, it is essential to integrate both humanitarian and applied mathematical disciplines. However, noncore disciplines must undergo transformation: when teaching humanities within applied-mathematical fields, the emphasis should be on developing skills related to information processing and argumentation. Conversely, when instructing applied-mathematical subjects in humanitarian contexts, the focus should shift to enhancing problem-solving skills.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>навыки критического мышления</kwd><kwd>гуманитарные направления подготовки</kwd><kwd>научный метод</kwd><kwd>интегрированные естественнонаучные дисциплины</kwd><kwd>проблемно-ориентированное обучение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>critical thinking skills</kwd><kwd>humanitarian areas of training</kwd><kwd>scientific method</kwd><kwd>integrated natural science disciplines</kwd><kwd>problem-based learning</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гиринский А.А., Лепетюхина А.О., Пащенко Т.В. Критическое мышление: от гумбольдтовской модели до ФГОС. 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