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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Education and science journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-5828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSVPU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17853/1994-5639-2025-5-91-110</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edscience-4320</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩИЕ ВОПРОСЫ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENERAL EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Самостоятельность как проявление субъектности ученика в саморегуляции учебной деятельности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Independence as a manifestation of a student’s subjectivity in the self-regulation of learning activities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9614-0670</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усольцев</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usoltsev</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Усольцев Александр Петрович – доктор педагогических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой физики, технологии и методики обучения физике и технологии Института математики, физики, информатики</p><p>AuthorID 458383, Scopus Author ID 56974191100</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander P. Usoltsev – Dr. Sci. (Education), Professor, Head of the Department of Physics, Technology and Methods of Teaching Physics, Institute of Mathematics, Physics, Computer Science and Technology</p><p>AuthorID 458383, Scopus Author ID 56974191100</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alusolzev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мерзлякова</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merzlyakova</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мерзлякова Ольга Павловна – кандидат педагогических наук, доцент кафедры физики, технологии и методики обучения физике и технологии Института математики, физики, информатики</p><p>AuthorID 774044</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga P. Merzlyakova – Cand. Sci. (Education), Associate Professor, Department of Physics, Technology and Methods of Teaching Physics and Technology, Institute of Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science</p><p>AuthorID 774044</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lgamerzlyakova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игошев</surname><given-names>Б. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Igoshev</surname><given-names>B. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игошев Борис Михайлович – доктор педагогических наук, профессор кафедры физики, технологии и методики обучения физике и технологии Института математики, физики, информатики</p><p>AuthorID 330668</p><p>Екатеринбург</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris M. Igoshev – Cand. Sci. (Education), Professor, Department of Physics, Technology and Methods of Teaching Physics and Technology, Institute of Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science</p><p>AuthorID 330668</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borisigoshev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный педагогический университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Ural State Pedagogical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>110</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Усольцев А.П., Мерзлякова О.П., Игошев Б.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Усольцев А.П., Мерзлякова О.П., Игошев Б.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Usoltsev A.P., Merzlyakova O.P., Igoshev B.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/4320">https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/4320</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В статье рассматривается самостоятельность как проявление субъектности в деятельности. Показано, что важнейшей характеристикой субъектности является способность к саморегуляции, проявляющаяся и развивающаяся в условиях, когда ученик в учебной деятельности имеет возможность выбора на каждом из этапов саморегуляции.</p><p>Целью данного исследования является обоснование рекомендаций, позволяющих учителю развивать самостоятельность ученика.</p><p>Методология, методы и методики. В основу исследования положены личностно-ориентированный и системный подходы. Методология выстраивалась в соответствии с теорией осознанной саморегуляции, последовательно развиваемой в работах О. А. Конопкина. Эмпирическая основа получена в результате онлайн-анкетирования учителей и учеников, собеседований с учителями.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что самостоятельность ученика будет развиваться, если ему от постановки цели и до коррекции результатов, выяснения и формирования его собственной точки зрения на явления окружающего мира и на самого себя будет предоставлена возможность выбора, а образовательное пространство обучающегося будет содержать альтернативы из дихотомических направлений развития. Завершающим этапом учебно-познавательной деятельности должен стать этап коррекции субъектом собственной системы саморегулирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна. Разработаны и обоснованы рекомендации к организации учебно-познавательной деятельности обучающегося, необходимые для развития его самостоятельности.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы педагогами-теоретиками для дальнейшего развития теории субъектности, а также учителями-практиками для рефлексии своей педагогической деятельности в аспекте повышения самостоятельности своих учеников.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The article explores independence as a manifestation of subjectivity in activity. It illustrates that the most essential characteristic of subjectivity is the capacity for self-regulation. This capacity emerges and develops when students are given the opportunity to make choices at each stage of self-regulation in their educational activities.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The aim of this study is to identify recommendations that enable teachers to foster student independence.</p><p>Methodology and research methods. The research employs a personality-oriented and systematic approach. The methodology is grounded in the theory of conscious self-regulation, which has been consistently developed in the works of O. A. Konopkin. The empirical data were collected through online surveys of teachers and students, as well as interviews with teachers.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It has been established that student independence develops when individuals are given the opportunity to make choices, ranging from setting goals to evaluating outcomes. This process encourages them to clarify and form their own perspectives on both the external world and their personal identity. Furthermore, the educational environment should offer alternatives that extend beyond binary paths of development. The final stage of educational and cognitive activity should involve students actively correcting and refining their own self-regulation systems.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty. Recommendations for organising educational and cognitive activities for students, essential for fostering their independence, have been developed and substantiated.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance. The results obtained can be utilised by theoretical teachers to further advance the theory of subjectivity, as well as by practical instructors to reflect on their teaching practices with the aim of enhancing student independence.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>самостоятельность</kwd><kwd>самостоятельная работа</kwd><kwd>организация самостоятельной деятельности школьников</kwd><kwd>субъектность</kwd><kwd>саморегуляция</kwd><kwd>принцип дополнительности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>independence</kwd><kwd>independent work</kwd><kwd>organisation of student independent activity</kwd><kwd>subjectivity</kwd><kwd>self-regulation</kwd><kwd>principle of complementarity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Усольцев А.П. Принципы развития мышления. 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