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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Education and science journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-5828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSVPU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17853/1994-5639-2026-6-101-132</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edscience-5170</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ОБРАЗОВАНИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Субъективная оценка вандализма студентами: вопросы безопасности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Students’ subjective assessment of vandalism: security issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2569-8789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кружкова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kruzhkova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кружкова Ольга Владимировна – кандидат психологических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией перспективных социосредовых исследований; доцент кафедры общей и социальной психологии</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Kruzhkova – Cand. Sci. (Psychology), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Advanced Socio-Environmental Research, Ural State Pedagogical University; Associate Professor, Department of General and Social Psychology, Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galiat1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-3888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyeva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воробьева Ирина Владимировна – кандидат психологических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры общей психологии и конфликтологии, начальник управления научных исследований и проектной деятельности</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Vorobyeva – Cand. Sci. (Psychology), Associate Professor, Department of General Psychology and Conflictology, Head of the Department of Scientific Research and Project Activities</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lorisha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9595-3458</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеева</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveeva</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Матвеева Алена Игоревна – научный сотрудник управления научных исследований и проектной деятельности</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena I. Matveeva – Research Fellow, Department of Scientific Research and Project Activities</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lyonchik_7777@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный педагогический университет; Уральский федеральный университет им. первого Президента России Б. Н. Ельцина</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Pedagogical University; Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный педагогический университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Pedagogical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>132</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кружкова О.В., Воробьева И.В., Матвеева А.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кружкова О.В., Воробьева И.В., Матвеева А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kruzhkova O.V., Vorobyeva I.V., Matveeva A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/5170">https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/5170</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Актуальность исследования обусловлена повышенной уязвимостью студенческой молодежи как социальной группы перед лицом средовых рисков. Вандализация городского пространства может существенно влиять на субъективное переживание безопасности, однако это явление остается недостаточно изученным. Цель – изучение восприятия и оценки вандальных преобразований в городской среде с позиции студенческой молодежи в контексте переживания ею состояния безопасности в мегаполисе. Методология, методы и методики. Исследование выполнено с использованием авторской социологической анкеты, включающей блоки, направленные на оценку социального самочувствия, многомерную оценку безопасности (физической, психологической, социальной), анализ восприятия вандализма и социально-демографические характеристики. В исследовании приняли участие 807 респондентов в возрасте от 14 до 35 лет (средний возраст 18,48 года), являющиеся студентами колледжей и вузов. Обработка данных осуществлялась в JASP 0.96.0 методами дескриптивной статистики, частотного анализа, однофакторного дисперсионного анализа, t-критерия Стьюдента и корреляционного анализа (r-Пирсона). Результаты. Установлено, что 88 % студенческой молодежи придерживаются негативного или дифференцированного отношения к вандализму, тогда как 12 % демонстрируют лояльные установки. Выявлена устойчивая закономерность: рост толерантности к вандальным проявлениям сопряжен со статистически значимым снижением оценок физической и социальной безопасности городской среды. Зафиксированы выраженные гендерные различия: девушки идентифицируют более широкий круг явлений как вандализм и острее воспринимают их в качестве угрозы (p ≤ 0,01). Корреляционный анализ обнаружил два паттерна связей: деструктивные формы вандализма (разбитые окна, сломанная инфраструктура) отрицательно коррелируют с показателями безопасности, тогда как инструментальные преобразования (протоптанные тропинки, проходы в заборах) положительно связаны с освещенностью и ощущением социальной общности. Научная новизна. Впервые на российской молодежной выборке эмпирически верифицирована дифференцированная структура восприятия вандализма в контексте безопасности. Работа расширяет теоретические представления о неоднородности влияния различных форм вандализма (деструктивного, инструментального, символического) на субъективные оценки безопасности, уточняя и дополняя классическую теорию «разбитых окон» положением о том, что функциональный, адаптивный беспорядок может восприниматься сообществом как приемлемая практика, не снижающая, а в некоторых аспектах повышающая ощущение комфорта и общности. Практическая значимость. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при разработке стратегий повышения безопасности городской среды, ориентированных на учащуюся молодежь, в том числе в университетских городках и кампусах. Выявленные закономерности позволяют конкретизировать приоритеты управленческих решений: оперативное устранение последствий деструктивного вандализма (разбитые стекла, сломанные остановки), регулирование семиотического климата (удаление агрессивного и противоправного контента), а также легитимация востребованных молодежью адаптивных изменений среды через диалог с сообществом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. The relevance of this study stems from the increased vulnerability of student youth, as a social group, to environmental risks. Vandalism of urban spaces can significantly affect individuals’ subjective sense of safety; however, this phenomenon remains insufficiently researched. Aim. The present study aims to examine the perception and evaluation of vandalism in the urban environment from the perspective of student youth, taking into account their experiences of safety within a metropolitan context. Methodology and research methods. The study was conducted using a sociological questionnaire developed by the authors, comprising sections designed to assess social well-being, a multidimensional evaluation of safety (physical, psychological, and social), perceptions of vandalism, and socio-demographic characteristics. The sample consisted of 807 respondents aged between 14 and 35 years (mean age 18.48 years), all of whom were students at colleges and universities. Data were analysed using JASP version 0.96.0, employing descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Student’s t-test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results. It was found that 88% of student youth hold a negative or nuanced attitude towards vandalism, while 12% display tolerant attitudes. A consistent pattern emerged: an increase in tolerance towards vandalistic behaviour is associated with a statistically significant decrease in perceptions of both the physical and social safety of the urban environment. Pronounced gender differences were observed: girls identify a broader range of phenomena as vandalism and perceive them more acutely as threats (p ≤ 0.01). Correlation analysis revealed two patterns of relationships: destructive forms of vandalism (such as broken windows and damaged infrastructure) correlate negatively with safety indicators, whereas instrumental acts of vandalism (such as worn footpaths and passages through fences) correlate positively with illumination and the sense of social community. Scientific novelty. For the first time in a Russian youth sample, the differentiated structure of the perception of vandalism in the context of safety has been empirically validated. This study broadens the theoretical understanding of the heterogeneous impact of various forms of vandalism (destructive, instrumental, symbolic) on subjective safety assessments, refining and supplementing the classic “broken windows” theory with the proposition that functional, adaptive disorder may be perceived by the community as an acceptable practice, which does not diminish – and in some respects enhances – the sense of comfort and community. Practical significance. The results of the study can inform the development of strategies to enhance the safety of urban environments, specifically targeting student populations, including those in university towns and on campuses. The identified patterns enable the prioritisation of managerial decisions: the prompt remediation of the effects of destructive vandalism (such as broken windows and damaged bus stops), the regulation of the semiotic environment (removal of aggressive and unlawful content), and the legitimisation of adaptive environmental changes requested by young people through community dialogue.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>студенты</kwd><kwd>вандализм</kwd><kwd>городская среда</kwd><kwd>субъективная безопасность</kwd><kwd>студенческая молодежь</kwd><kwd>восприятие угроз</kwd><kwd>теория разбитых окон</kwd><kwd>психологическая безопасность</kwd><kwd>деструктивное поведение</kwd><kwd>инструментальный вандализм</kwd><kwd>городские риски</kwd><kwd>социальная общность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>students</kwd><kwd>vandalism</kwd><kwd>urban environment</kwd><kwd>subjective safety</kwd><kwd>student youth</kwd><kwd>perception of threats</kwd><kwd>broken windows theory</kwd><kwd>psychological safety</kwd><kwd>destructive behaviour</kwd><kwd>instrumental vandalism</kwd><kwd>urban risks</kwd><kwd>social community</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-18-00900 (https://rscf.ru/project/25-18-00900/).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation under grant No. 25-18-00900 (https://rscf.ru/project/25-18-00900/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чупров В.И., Зубок Ю.А., Уильямс К. 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