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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Education and science journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-5828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSVPU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17853/1994-5639-2015-10-108-120</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edscience-538</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДИКА ОБУЧЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TE­AC­HING MET­HODS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МЕТОДИКА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ СТРУКТУРЫ ЗНАНИЙ ОБУЧАЕМЫХ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>METHODS OF FORMING THE STRUCTURE OF KNOWLEDGE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Снигирева</surname><given-names>Татьяна Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Snegiryova</surname><given-names>Tatyana A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор педагогических наук, профессор кафедры медбиофизики, информатики и экономики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Department of Medical Biophysics, Computer Ccience and Economics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">snigt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гришанова</surname><given-names>Ирина Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishanova</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор педагогических наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой педагогики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Chair of Pedagogy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fggpi@udm.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Ижевская государственная медицинская академия, Ижевск (РФ)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk (RF)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">филиал Глазовского государственного педагогического института им. В. Г. Короленко, Ижевск (РФ)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Branch of Glazov State Pedagogical Institute named after V. G. Korolenko, Izhevsk (RF)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>120</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Снигирева Т.А., Гришанова И.А., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Снигирева Т.А., Гришанова И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Snegiryova T.A., Grishanova I.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/538">https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/538</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель статьи – описание авторской методики формирования структуры знаний учащихся на примере изучения медицинской и биологической физики в Ижевской государственной медицинской академии.</p><p>Методы, использованные в работе: комплексный подход, включающий метод групповых экспертных оценок (ГЭО), разработанный В. С. Черепановым, таксономический и тезаурусный подходы при создании таксономической модели структуры знаний.</p><p>Результаты. Подробно рассмотрены алгоритм, этапы и процедуры формирования структуры знаний обучаемых; создана модель данного процесса; показана технология отбора содержания учебного материала с учетом фиксированного времени, отпущенного на изучение конкретной дисциплины.</p><p>Научная новизна и практическая значимость. Достоинство предлагаемой методики и модели формирования структуры знаний учащихся заключается в их универсальности: при определенной адаптации они могут быть использованы при обучении любой дисциплине независимо от ее специфики и от вида образовательного учреждения. Соблюдение всех этапов представленной технологии отбора содержания учебного материала на основе экспертной оценки будет способствовать значительному повышению качества обучения, позволит разработать унифицированную методику, объединяющую различные точки зрения преподавателей, учителей на формирование знаний обучаемых.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study is to describe the method of forming thestructure of knowledge of students on the basis of an integrated approach (expert, taxonomy and thesaurus) and the presentation of the results of its use in the study of medical and biological physics at the Izhevsk State Medical Academy.</p><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The methods used in the work involve: an integrated approach that includes group expert method, developed by V. S. Cherepanov; taxonomy and thesaurus approach when creating a model of taxonomic structure of knowledge, as well as models of the formation of the knowledge structure.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The algorithm, stages and procedures of knowledge structure formation of trainees are considered in detail; the model of the given process is created; the technology of content selection of a teaching material due to the fixed time that has been released on studying of concrete discipline is shown.</p><p>Scientific novelty and practical significance. Advantage of the proposed method and model of students’ knowledge structure formation consists in their flexibility: at certain adaptation they can be used while training to any discipline apart of its specificity and educational institution. Observance of all stages of the presented technology of content selection of a teaching material on the basis of an expert estimation will promote substantial increase of quality of training; make it possible to develop the unified method uniting the various points of view of teachers on knowledge formation of trainees.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>структура знаний</kwd><kwd>модель формирования структуры знаний</kwd><kwd>технология отбора содержания материала при формировании структуры знаний обучаемых на фиксированное учебное время</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>knowledge structure</kwd><kwd>a model of the structure of knowledge</kwd><kwd>technology selection of the content of the material during the formation of the knowledge structure of students training for a fixed time</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гришанова И. 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