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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и наука</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Education and science journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-5828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RSVPU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17853/1994-5639-2018-5-56-78</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edscience-969</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>VOCATIONAL EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЯМИ РОЖДАЮТСЯ ИЛИ СТАНОВЯТСЯ? ЭФФЕКТИВНЫЕ АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИЕ МОДЕЛИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВУ СТУДЕНТОВ ВУЗОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ARE ENTREPRENEURS BORN OR MADE? EFFECTIVE ACADEMIC MODELS TO FOSTER ENTREPRENEURIAL GRADUATES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плужник</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pluzhnik</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор педагогических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой иностранных языков и межкультурной профессиональной коммуникации экономико-правовых направлений,</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Head of Foreign Languages and Intercultural Communications Department for Law and Economics,</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.l.pluzhnik@utmn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильницкая</surname><given-names>Т. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilnitskaya</surname><given-names>T. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший преподаватель кафедры иностранных языков и межкультурной профессиональной коммуникации экономико-правовых направлений, магистр экономики,</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Lecturer, Foreign Languages and Intercultural Communications Department for Law and Economics, Master of Economics,</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.o.ilnickaya@utmn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луччи</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lucci</surname><given-names>F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор делового администрирования (ДДА), профессор менеджмента и маркетинга Муниципального колледжа Квинсигамонд; визит-профессор программы Фулбрайт (весна, 2018),</p><p>Вустер (Массачусетс),</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Business Administration (D.B.A), Professor of Management/Marketing at Quinsigamond Community College in Worcester, Massachusetts;</p><p>Visiting Fulbright Scholar to Tyumen State University, spring of 2018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">florencelucci@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Tyumen</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюмень</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Tyumen</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Муниципальный колледж Квинсигамонд</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Quinsigamond Community College</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Плужник И.Л., Ильницкая Т.О., Луччи Ф., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Плужник И.Л., Ильницкая Т.О., Луччи Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pluzhnik I.L., Ilnitskaya T.O., Lucci F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/969">https://www.edscience.ru/jour/article/view/969</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В условиях становления и развития постиндустриального общества, отличительными чертами которого являются инновационность, приоритет знаний, высокая степень конкуренции, а также занятость большой части населения в сфере услуг, насущной потребностью становится профессиональная подготовка людей, владеющих широким спектром предпринимательских компетенций и способных стать движущей силой устойчивого экономического роста в своей стране. Центральная роль в решении данной задачи отводится университетам, чья миссия заключается в обеспечении экономики знаний высококвалифицированными кадрами, обладающими значительным творческим и интеллектуальным потенциалом, необходимым, в частности, для осуществления различных бизнес-проектов. В связи с этим большой интерес вызывает сложившаяся в развитых странах практика формирования предпринимательской культуры и грамотности у выпускников высших учебных заведений.</p><p>Цель статьи – систематизация имеющегося в университетах США и Великобритании опыта организации предпринимательского образования, реализуемого на основе академических моделей, и поиск возможностей адаптации к российским реалиям наиболее перспективных концепций, технологий и продуктивных приемов обучения.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы и методики</title><p>Методы и методики. В работе использовались методы сравнительного анализа и качественного анализа семантики понятий «предпринимательское образование» и «предпринимательские компетенции». Академические модели обучения предпринимательству в различных университетах рассматривались на основе метода «кейс-стади».</p><p>Результаты и научная новизна. Охарактеризованы и сопоставлены процессы и результаты обсуждаемого вида подготовки в американской и английской высшей школе. Описаны применяющиеся в ведущих университетах модели бизнес-образования, интегрирующие элементы междисциплинарного, практико-ориентированного, интерактивного, мультикультурного и личностно-центрированного подходов к формированию образцов (паттернов) предпринимательского поведения, ключевых и вариативных предпринимательских компетенций и «мягких» умений.</p><p>Вскрыты существующие в настоящее время проблемы и недостатки обучения предпринимательству в российских вузах: несоответствие между зафиксированными в учебных планах и востребованными на деле компетенциями, слабая разработанность методик и отсутствие системности в процессе овладения студентами теорией и практическими навыками эффективной предпринимательской деятельности.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Предложены рекомендации по совершенствованию предпринимательского образования в российской высшей школе. Обоснована необходимость внедрения практико-ориентированной модели профессиональной подготовки, позволяющей выпускникам вузов получить целостные, системные знания в сфере предпринимательства. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Professional training of the people possessing a wide range of entrepreneurial competencies is becoming an imperative in the conditions of a post-industrial society development characterized by a focus on innovation, priority of knowledge, a high level of competition and involvement of a big proportion of population in service industries. Universities are charged to play a key role in developing highly qualified specialists with an extensive creative and intellectual potential capable of implementing various business projects and becoming a driving force of a sustainable economic growth in their countries. Therefore, there is a big interest in practices of developing graduates’ entrepreneurial culture and literacy established in universities of developed countries.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The article is aimed at systematizing the existing experience of the US and UK universities in delivering entrepreneurship education based on academic models as well as considering a possibility of adapting the most efficient conceptions, teaching approaches and techniques within the Russian higher education system.</p><p>Methodology and research methods. The methods include a qualitative analysis of the concepts “entrepreneurship education” and “entrepreneurial competencies”. A case study method was used for describing the academic models applied for teaching entrepreneurship in different universities.</p><p>Results and scientific novelty. The processes and outcomes of entrepreneurship training in the US and UK higher educational institutions were characterized and compared. The paper provides the description of the academic models applied at the leading universities for providing business education. They integrate the elements of experiential learning, multidisciplinary, multicultural, interactive, learner-centered teaching approaches to developing entrepreneurial behavior patterns, key and variable competencies and “soft” skills.</p><p>The paper reveals the problems and drawbacks of entrepreneurship education delivery within the Russian higher education: a discrepancy between the competencies fixed in university curricula and the ones actually needed; an inadequacy of teaching methods and absence of consistency in the course of students’ acquisition of theoretical knowledge and practical skills for efficient entrepreneurship activity.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance. The recommendations for improving entrepreneurship education in the Russian higher education system were proposed. The authors grounded a need for implementing an academic model of experiential learning, which enables graduates to develop entrepreneurial competencies and acquire a system of knowledge in the field of entrepreneurship. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>предпринимательское образование</kwd><kwd>предпринимательские компетенции</kwd><kwd>университет</kwd><kwd>академические модели</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>entrepreneurship education</kwd><kwd>entrepreneurial competencies</kwd><kwd>university</kwd><kwd>academic models</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keith Herrmann. NESTA, NCGE and CIHE report. Developing Entrepreneurial Graduates: Putting Entrepreneurship at the Centre of Higher Education. London, England: NESTA, 2008. 40 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keith Herrmann. NESTA, NCGE and CIHE report. 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