La seguridad vecinal y el desempeño académico: rol del tipo de sexo del estudiantado y la situación socioeconómica familiar

Introducción. La seguridad social territorial a nivel local tiene una relación directa con el nivel de desventaja en la zona de residencia. Objetivo. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar los efectos de la seguridad del vecindario en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de secundaria, teniendo en cuenta las diferencias en los efectos según el sexo y el entorno socioeconómico. Metodología, métodos y procesos de investigación. Para la ejecución del presente estudio se utilizó un diseño de studio transversal cuantitativo y se recopilaron datos de 448 estudiantes de secundaria. Se utilizaron las pruebas de chi-cuadrado de Pearson y Tau-c de Kendall para analizar los datos y determinar la relación y la fuerza de dirección entre las variables. Resultados. Los hallazgos indican que hay una asociación significativa y positiva entre el rendimiento académico de los niños y la seguridad contra delitos en el vecindario (P < 0,05, Tc = 0,202), así como la sensación de seguridad al caminar en el vecindario durante el día o la noche (P < 0,05, Tc = 0,127). Sin embargo, se encontró que el acoso y la intimidación en el vecindario estaban significativa y negativamente asociados con el rendimiento académico (P > 0,05, Tc = -0,053). Cuando se introdujo el estatus socioeconómico familiar como variable de control, se encontraron diferencias en el rendimiento académico en función de la seguridad social territorial. Al tomar en cuenta el tipo de sexo de los estudiantes, la seguridad social territorial no tuvo impacto en el rendimiento académico. Los niños de familias con un nivel socioeconómico más alto superaron académicamente a los niños de familias con un nivel socioeconómico más bajo. Novedad científica. Por primera vez en la República del Pakistán se llevó a cabo un estudio de la relación existente entre el nivel de seguridad social territorial y el estado del rendimiento académico de los niños, incluidos el tipo de sexo y el nivel socioeconómico de la familia. Significado práctico. Los resultados serán de interés para los investigadores que se ocupan de cuestiones de garantía de la seguridad social territorial a nivel local.

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