COMPETENCE-BASED APPROACH WHILE TEACHING FUNDAMENTAL SCIENCE SUBJECTS AT MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2016-4-33-46
Abstract
The aim of the study is to analyze the features of the competence approach application in the theoretical and natural science subjects’ teaching in medical school.
Methods. The method of expert estimation is used in order to find out main tendencies and problems arising in the course of professional competencies development. The implementation of problem-oriented method in fundamental disciplines’ teaching is applied.
Results. The effect of the competence approach on educational process is shown in the teaching experience of pathological anatomy and statistics. The problems and complicating factors faced by teacher are identified. The basic approaches facilitating the development of professional competencies based on a fixed time allotted for studying a particular discipline are proposed.
Scientific novelty and practical significance. The proposed approaches and practical recommendations will enable to form more efficiently the competences in fundamental disciplines. The implementation of competence approach in teaching the fundamental science subjects requires adjustments of substantial and methodological levels of training including the active use of information technologies and a substantial increase in the role of seminars and self-studies. The advantage of the proposed approaches concludes in their universality: with some adjustment, they can be used in teaching other subjects, regardless of the specifics and the type of educational institution.
About the Authors
V. Y. Gelman
North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov under the Ministry of Public Health and Social Affairs of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Chair of Medical Informatics and Physics,
St.-Petersburg
N. M. Khmelnitskaya
North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov under the Ministry of Public Health and Social Affairs of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Chair of Pathological Anatomy,
St.-Petersburg
References
1. Anichkov N. M., Antonova I. V., Khmel’nickaja N. M. The role of the rating system of evaluation of students’ knowledge in the teaching of pathological anatomy. Actual problems of medical training. Sb. nauchnykh trudov. SPb GMA. [Proceedings of Mechnikov St. Petersburg State Medical Academy]. St.-Petersburg: Sankt-Peterburgskaja gosudarstvennaja medicinskaja akademija imeni I. I. Mechnikova. [Mechnikov St. Petersburg State Medical Academy]. 1995. P. 32–34. (In Russian)
2. Anichkov N. M., Serezhin B. S., Antonova I. V., Khmel’nickaja N. M. Metodicheskoe posobie dlja samostojatel’nojj raboty studentov po chastnomu kursu patologicheskojj anatomii. [Methodic tutorial for students’ self work in the case of particular course of pathological anatomy]. St.-Petersburg: Sankt-Peterburgskaja gosudarstvennaja medicinskaja akademija imeni I. I. Mechnikova. [Mechnikov St. Petersburg State Medical Academy].1995. 39 p. (In Russian)
3. Bajdenko V. I. Kompetentnostnyj podhod k proektirovaniju gosudarstvennyh obrazovatel’nyh standartov vysshego professional’nogo obrazovanija (metodologicheskie i metodicheskie voprosy). [Competence-based approach to design of the state educational standards of higher education (methodological and methodical questions)]. Moscow: Issledovatel’skij centr problem kachestva podgotovki specialistov. [Research center of problems of quality of training of experts]. 2005. 114 p. (In Russian)
4. Beljanin V. L., Kotov V. A., Nejjshtadt Eh. L., Khmel’nickaja N. M. et al. Kvalifikacionnyjj test po patologicheskojj anatomii. [Qualification test in pathological anatomy]. St.-Petersburg: Publishing house SPb MAPO, 2004. 184 p. (In Russian)
5. Galjamina I. G. Proektirovanie gosudarstvennyh obrazovatel’nyh standartov vysshego professional’nogo obrazovanija novogo pokolenija s ispol’zovaniem kompetentnostnogo podhoda. [Design of the state educational standards of higher education of new generation with use of competence-based approach]. Materialy k shestomu zasedaniju metodologiche-skogo seminara 29 marta 2005 g. Materials for the sixth meeting of a methodological seminar on March 29, 2005 Moscow: Issledovatel’skij centr problem ka-chestva podgotovki specialistov. [Research center of problems of quality of training of experts]. 2005. 106 p. (In Russian)
6. Gel’man V. Ja. Some trends in the teaching of statistics at graduate medical school. Profilakticheskaja i klinicheskaja medicina. [Preventive and Clinical Medicine]. 2015 № 1 (54). P. 127–132. (In Russian)
7. Gel’man V. Ja. Prepodavanie estestvennonauchnykh disciplin v netekhnicheskikh vuzakh. [The teaching of natural sciences in nontechnical colleges]. Saarbrücken, Germany. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2014. 88 p. (In Russian)
8. Gel’man V. Ja. Teaching of Statistics in the conditions of two-level system of higher education. Vestnik NAT. [Bulletin of National Tourism Academy]. 2011. № 4 (20). P. 93–96. (In Russian)
9. Gel’man V. Ja., Belov D. Ju., Lan’ko S. V., Serdjukov Ju. P., Tikhomirova A. A. Problems of teaching ICT in medical postgraduate education. Profilakticheskaja i klinicheskaja medicina. [Preventive and Clinical Medicine]. 2014 № 1 (50). P. 18–25. (In Russian)
10. Dremova N. B. System of progressive pedagogical technologies in medical school. Medicinskoe obrazovanie XXI veka: sb. nauchnyh trudov (materialy mezhdunarodnoj konferencii). [Medical education of the 21st century. Collection of scientific works. Materials of the international conference)]. Vitebsk: 2000. P. 82–84. (In Russian)
11. Lopanova E. V., Korennova O. Ju. The competence-based focused training of psychology in medical school. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovanija. [Modern Problems of Science and Education]. 2015. № 6. Available at: http://www.science-education.ru/ru/article/view? id=23740. (In Russian)
12. Miroshnichenko I. V., Nefedova E. M. Experience of a solution of the problem of optimization of work of PPS in RGMA. Jeffektivnoe upravlenie i organizacija obrazo-vatel’nogo processa v sovremennom medicinskom vuze. Vuzovskaja pedagogika: materialy konferencii. [Effective Management and the Organization of Educational Process in Modern Medical School. High School Pedagogics: Conference Materials. Krasnoyarsk: KrasGMU, 2014. P. 64–66. (In Russian)
13. Rjabov V. V., Frolov Ju. V. Kompetentnost’ kak indikator chelovecheskogo kapitala. [Competence as indicator of the human capital]. Moscow: Issledovatel’skij centr problem kachestva podgotovki specialistov. [Research center of problems of quality of training of experts]. 2004. 44 p. (In Russian)
14. Tatur Ju.G. Competence of structure of model of quality of training of experts. Vysshee obrazovanie segodnja.[Higher Education Today]. 2004. № 3. (In Russian)
15. Federal’nyj gosudarstvennyj obrazovatel’nyj standart vysshego professional’nogo obrazovanija po napravleniju podgotovki (special’nosti) 060101 Lechebnoe delo (kvalifikacija (stepen’) «specialist»). [Federal state educational standard of higher vocational education training (specialty) 060101 Medicine (qualification (degree) «specialist»)]. Available at: http://www.edu.ru/db-mon/mo/Data/d_10/prm1118–1.pdf. (In Russian)
16. Federal’nyj gosudarstvennyj obrazovatel’nyj standart vysshego professional’nogo obrazovanija po napravleniju podgotovki (special’nosti) 060103 Pediatrija (kvalifikacija (stepen’) «specialist»). [Federal state educational standard of higher vocational education training (specialty) 060103 Pediatrics (qualification (degree) «specialist»)]. Available at: http://www.edu.ru/db-on/mo/Data/d_10/prm1122–
17. pdf. (In Russian)
18. Formirovanie obshheevropejskogo prostranstva vysshego obrazovanija: Zadachi dlja rossijskoj vysshej shkoly. [Formation of the all-European space of the higher education: Tasks for the Russian higher school.] Moscow: Higher School of Economics, 2004. (In Russian)
19. Bernardi F. D. C., Saldiva P. H. N., Mauad T. Histological examination has a major impact on macroscopic necropsy diagnoses. Journal of clinical pathology. 2005. V. 58. № 12. P. 1261–1264. (Translated from English)
20. Van Gog T., Paas F., van Merriënboer J. J. G. Effects of process-oriented worked examples on troubleshooting transfer performance. Learning and Instruction. 2006. V. 16. № 2. P. 154–164. (Translated from English)
21. Van Merriënboer J. J. G., Kirschner P. A. Ten steps to complex learning. A new approach to instruction and instructional design. In T. L. Good (Ed.), 21st century education: A reference handbook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. 2008. Р. 244–253. (Translated from English)
Review
For citations:
Gelman V.Y., Khmelnitskaya N.M. COMPETENCE-BASED APPROACH WHILE TEACHING FUNDAMENTAL SCIENCE SUBJECTS AT MEDICAL UNIVERSITY. The Education and science journal. 2016;(4):33-46. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2016-4-33-46
Views:
2396
Email this article 