Conceptual foundations for developing the readiness of future police officers for the socio-pedagogical rehabilitation of minors

Introduction. In the context of rising recidivism and an increase in the number of serious, particularly grave, crimes committed by adolescents, the importance of training police officers in so cio-pedagogical rehabilitation is growing. Aim. The present study aims to develop conceptual frameworks and pedagogical conditions to enhance the readiness of future police officers for socio-pedagogical rehabilitation, and to carry out their experimental validation. Methodology and research methods. The methodological framework was based on systemic, person-centred, integrative, and competence-based approaches. The primary empirical method employed was experimental research to test the pedagogical conditions for developing the readiness of future police officers for socio-pedagogical rehabilitation. Additional methods included a survey using a questionnaire developed by the authors, entitled “Socio-Rehabilitative Work within the Structure of Professional Activity of Law Enforcement Officers”, and testing using a test developed by the authors, entitled “Assessment of Students’ Knowledge on Issues of Socio-Pedagogical Rehabilitation of Supervised Individuals”. Results and scientific novelty. Professional pedagogy has been advanced by new insights: (1) the nature of readiness for socio-pedagogical rehabilitation, as an outcome of the professional training of future police officers, has been clarified; (2) a pedagogical model has been developed, and the conditions necessary to foster readiness for socio-pedagogical rehabilitation have been identified. The principal findings of the study have undergone experimental validation. Practical significance. The practical significance of this study lies in the potential application of its methodological developments to the professional training of police officers. 

1. Melentyev A.V. Actual problems of training personnel for internal affairs bodies. Pravo i upravlenie = Law and Management. 2023;4:121–125. (In Russ.) doi:10.24412/2224-9133-2023-4-121-125

2. Grishak S.N., Levochkina O.V. Features of social and pedagogical rehabilitation of adolescents prone to delinquency in a comprehensive school. Izvestija Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta = News of the Volgograd State Pedagogical University. 2024;2(185):86–91. (In Russ.) Accessed June 12, 2025. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/osobennosti-sotsialno-pedagogicheskoy-reabilitatsii-podrostkov-sklonnyh-k-pravonarusheniyam-v-usloviyah-obscheobrazovatelnoy-shkoly/viewer

3. Hammond C., Knošková K., Wallace L., Fido D. A comparative analysis of public educational needs in the rehabilitative care of individuals who have committed serious criminal offences: a cross cultural study. Forensic Science International: Mind and Law. 2024;5. doi:10.1016/j.fsiml.2024.100130

4. Khilyuk S.O. Social and pedagogical rehabilitation of supervised citizens by police officers based on a functional-project approach. Pravo i obrazovanie = Law and Education. 2022;3:92–100. (In Russ.) Accessed June 12, 2025. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=48097068

5. Shatskaya E.A., Senina I.V. Psychological training of police officers as a measure to prevent deviations. Alma Mater (Vestnik vysshej shkoly) = Alma Mater (Higher School Bulletin). 2023;7:42–46. (In Russ.) doi:10.20339/AM.07-23.042

6. Vyatkina N.V., Shchukina R.I., Fedotova P., Gadzhieva M.T. Schoolshooting in Russia: a look at the problem of researchers and ordinary people. Vestnik Permskogo nacional’nogo issledovatel’skogo politehnicheskogo universiteta. Social’no-jekonomicheskie nauki = Bulletin of Perm National Research Polytechnic University. Social and Economic Sciences. 2023;1:120–130. (In Russ.) doi:10.15593/2224-9354/2023.1.9

7. Foster K., Friesen M.D., Walton D. A national New Zealand study of childhood non-offending contact with police and later offending in adolescence. Children and Youth Services Review. 2024;161. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.107660

8. Dushkin A.S., Ilakavichus M.R. Pedagogy and psychology in the activities of law enforcement officers: integration of theory and practice (review of the international scientific and practical conference). Rossijskij deviantologicheskij zhurnal = Russian Journal of Deviantology. 2024;4(4):653–663. (In Russ.) doi:10.35750/2713-0622-2024-4-653-663

9. Prikhodko T.V. Legal regulation of combating domestic violence in Russia and Germany: a comparative study. Pravoprimenenie = Law Enforcement. 2022;6(4):149–161. (In Russ.) doi:10.52468/2542-1514.2022.6(4).149-161 10. Moen B., Fosse J., Berg A. Increasing police trustworthiness through a user-oriented design approach. In: International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education; 4–5 September 2014, University of Twente, the Netherlands. Accessed June 10, 2025. https://www.academia.edu/68037031/Increasing_Police_Trustworthiness_through_a_User_Oriented_Design_Approach

10. Unya I.U. Community policing in Nigeria: the Afikpo community experience with vigilante strategy. Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS). 2014;19(6):11–15 Accessed June 10, 2025. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/359733079_community_policing_in_nigeria_the_afikpo_community_experience_with_vigilante_strategy

11. Simonenko A.V., Gribanov E.V. Criminological concept and educational model for the formation of professional competencies of police officers in legal education and public awareness. Obshhestvo i pravo = Society and Law. 2021;2(76):13–19. (In Russ.) Accessed June 12, 2025. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/kriminologicheskaya-kontseptsiya-i-obrazovatelnaya-model-formirovaniya-professionalnyh-kompetentsiy-sotrudnikov-politsii-po

12. Nosova D.Kh., Davletov V.I. Structural and substantive model of the process of formation of readiness of police officers to prevent delinquent behavior of minors in the system of advanced training. Pedagogicheskij zhurnal Bashkortostana = Pedagogical Journal of Bashkortostan. 2022;1(95):88–98. (In Russ.) doi:10.21510/18173292_2022_95_88_98

13. Smirnov L.V. International experience of recidivism prevention by law enforcement agencies. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta MVD Rossii = Bulletin of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2023;1(97):144–152. (In Russ.) doi:10.35750/2071-8284-2023-1- 144-152

14. Suzuki M., Price L., McEwan A., Lorenza L., Bloomfield C., Pascoe V., et al. Young people’s justice-related concerns in regional Australia: insights from a participatory action research project on youth-led communication on health and justice. Children and Youth Services Review. 2025;171. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108192

15. Haberfeld M.R., Clark K.A., Sheehan D.L. Organization and Training of the Police: Innovations in Research and Practice. New York, NY: Springer; 2021. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-0745-4

16. Melanie F.P. Soderstrom, formalizing and expanding school resource officer presence: examining the influence on student arrests. Journal of Criminal Justice. 2024;94. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102236

17. Yin X., Zhao R. Policing juvenile delinquency in China: exploring the influence of officer-related individual and organizational factors on discretionary police decision-making. Children and Youth Services Review. 2024;158. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.107459

18. Wang X., Zhang H., Bull R. Understanding perceived legitimacy of correctional officers among male juvenile offenders in China: from a system perspective. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice. 2023;73. doi:10.1016/j.ijlcj.2023.100596

19. Davenport L., Halford E. Building police capability in child protection in Kenya. Child Abuse & Neglect. 2024;147. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106538

20. Sanai S., Ueichi H. Factors that foster individual willingness to serve in rehabilitation-oriented penal sector volunteer roles in Japan. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice. 2024;77. doi:10.1016/j.ijlcj.2024.100673

21. Anderson C.N., Ben-Menachem J., Donahue S., Simes J. T., Western B. Solitary confinement, parole, and criminalization. Journal of Criminal Justice. 2025;98. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102407

22. Stolzenberg L., D’Alessio S.J., Kutateladze B.L., Lawson V.Z. A comparison of first-time offenders, repeat offenders, and frequent utilizers of the criminal justice system. Journal of Criminal Justice. 2024;94. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102270

23. Modesti M.N., Gubbini S., De Rossi P., Manzi A., Nicol G., Adriani B., et al. ADHD in adults and criminal behavior: the role of psychiatric comorbidities and clinical and sociodemographic factors in a clinical sample. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 2025;101. doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2025.102088

24. Bogdanova E.V., Bulanova A.A., Govorushchenko U.A., Sorokina K.A., Streltsova A.A., Khromova T.V., Fedorov O.G. Pedagogical culture, pedagogical readiness and conditions for their formation among future teachers. Social’nye otnoshenija = Social Relations. 2023;3(46):86–97. (In Russ.) doi:10.24412/2304-120Х-2021-11053

25. Kusakina E.A. Social and professional readiness as a form of readiness for professional activity. In: Nauchnye issledovanija i razrabotki 2024: gumanitarnye i social’nye nauki. Sbornik materialov XLVI mezhdunarodnoj ochno-zaochnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii = Scientific Research and Development 2024: Humanitarian and Social Sciences. Collection of Materials of the XLVI International In-Person and Correspondence Scientific and Practical Conference. Moscow; 2024:80–81. (In Russ.)

26. Kudryashova S.K., Serikova L.A., Neyasova I.A. Formation of readiness of students of a pedagogical university to implement the socio-pedagogical function. Azimut nauchnyh issledovanij: pedagogika i psihologija = Azimuth of Scientific Research: Pedagogy and Psychology. 2021;10(2):259–262. (In Russ.) doi:10.26140/anip-2021-1002-0064

27. Tosunöz İ.K. Professional readiness perceptions and causes of professional concerns of senior nursing students: a descriptive and cross-sectional study in Turkey. Teaching and Learning in Nursing. 2024;19:385–389. doi:10.1016/j.teln.2024.06.015

28. Hansen W., Zuma M.S. Operational managers’ perceptions of newly qualified professional nurses’ readiness for the professional role. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences. 2024;20. doi:10.1016/j.ijans.2024.100717

29. Masharsky Z.V., Kozlova O.G. Study of readiness for future professional activity of cadets with different types of professional motivation. Aviacionnyj vestnik = Aviation Bulletin. 2023;8:85–92. (In Russ.) Accessed June 12, 2025. https://repository.bgaa.by/uploads/documents/6709095ae741b.pdf

30. Klimanov N.G. The structure of professional readiness of a military university graduate for professional activity. Srednee professional’noe obrazovanie = Secondary Vocational Education. 2023;7(335):50–52. (In Russ.) Accessed June 12, 2025. https://lib.unecon.ru/pwb/detail?db=FIN_ARTICLES5&id=ru%5C19013655%5Cfin_articles5%5C237663

31. Probotyuk L.O. Components of professional readiness for professional consulting of future educational psychologists. Pedagogicheskij zhurnal = Pedagogical Journal. 2023;13(11-1):468–474. (In Russ.) doi:10.34670/AR.2023.42.63.066

32. Anshina M. A systems approach to a systems approach. BIT. Biznes & Informacionnye tehnologii = BIT. Business & Information Technologies. 2023;5(128):38–40. (In Russ.) Accessed June 12, 2025. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54220567

33. Danilyan S.B. Methodology for assessing the level of preparedness of cadets during the implementation of the competency-based approach. Izvestija Rossijskoj akademii obrazovanija = Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Education. 2020;3(52):63–68. (In Russ.) Accessed June 12, 2025. https://elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_50097396_15875985.pdf

34. Tashkenova D.K. Teaching collocations: a learner-centered approach. Вulletin of the M. Kozybayev NKU. 2023;3(59):61–66. doi:10.54596/2958-0048-2023-3-61-66

35. Solovieva L.L., Voronina A.O., Baranov D.S. Integrative approach to understanding law: advantages and development prospects. Tendencii razvitija nauki i obrazovanija = Trends in the Development of Science and Education. 2025;120:93–95. (In Russ.) doi:10.18411/trnio-04-2025-152

36. Sadovnikova N.O., Khilyuk S.O. Structural and functional model of professional training of students of organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for social and pedagogical rehabilitation activities. Izvestija Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Volgograd State Pedagogical University. 2022;5:76–84. (In Russ.) Accessed June 12, 2025. https://elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_49350694_11827523.pdf

37. Khilyuk S.O., Sadovnikova N.O. Organization of activities to develop the readiness of future police officers for social and pedagogical rehabilitation activities with supervisors. Innovacii v obrazovanii = Innovations in Education. 2023;2:82–91. (In Russ.) Accessed June 12, 2025. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=50272061

38. Shcherbakov A.V., Zhabkin A.S., Gazizyanov T.A., Tukumbetov R.A. Causes of professional deformation of police officers and ways to overcome it. Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal = Eurasian Law Journal. 2023;10(185):308–309. (In Russ.) Accessed June 12, 2025. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=60019466