The Role of Self-Attitude in the Personal and Professional Development of High School Students

Introduction. The instability of the modern world with its rapidly changing social and economic realities requires the readiness of a person for self-change. For this reason, along with vocational education, higher education has to include the programmes to form future experts’ skills of professional self-development, which success depends on many circumstances, including self-attitude.

The aim of the research presented in the publication was to define the role of self-attitude in personal and professional self-development of students in the course of their professional training in higher education institution.

Methodology and research methods. Empirical methods were employed in the course of the research. The complex of psycho-diagnostic techniques was used: test-questionnaire of self-attitude by V. V. Stolin and S. R. Pantileev; tests: Life-Purpose Orientations Test by D. A. Leontiev, The General Self-Efficacy Scale by M. Jerusalem, R. Schwarzer and V. Romek, Assessment of Self-Control in Communication by M. Snyder; questionnaires: Personal Orientation Inventory by E. L. Shostrom, Ability to Self-Development by V. I. Zvereva, Willingness to SelfKnowledge and Self-Development by T. A. Ratanova and N. F. Shlyahta, Determination of level of reflexivity development by A. V. Karpov, Style of Self-Regulation Behaviour of Students by V. I. Morosanova. The obtained respondents’ responses (n = 110) were processed using methods of mathematical statistics, such as correlation and cluster analysis.

Results and scientific novelty. Different theoretical approaches to the problem of self-attitude highlighted in the scientific literature are considered. The affective and cognitive components of self-attitude are emphasised. Significant correlation relationships between the characteristics of self-attitude and level of motivational readiness for self-knowledge and self-development of 2^nd-4^th-year students-psychologists of N. P. Ogarev Mordovia State University have been revealed. It appears to be rather attributed by the fact that the attitude of students towards themselves in many respects is defined by the level of formation of their reflexive and regulatory qualities, understanding of the purpose and meaning of life, confidence in the professional success, which provide an incentive for self-change and self-improvement. The conducted cluster analysis allowed the authors to group the students around different levels of professional self-attitude and self-development (very high, high average and stagnant). The results of the research show that positive self-attitude is one of the important factors in self-development. The process of awareness of self-worth encourages the person to periodically reflect on career prospects and implementation of plans, providing the grounds for creative self-realisation.

Practical significance. The results obtained can be used by teachers and psychologists of higher educational institutions to organise psycho-pedagogical support for personal and professional self-development of students.

1. Kolyshko A. M. Psikhologiya samootnosheniya = Psychology of self-relationship. Grodno: Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno; 2004. 102 p. (In Russ.)

2. Sarjveladze N. I. Time of self-relation and coping with traumatic experience. In: Lichnost’ v ekstremal’nykh usloviyakh: materialy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsi = Personality under Extreme Conditions. Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference; Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky; 2005. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: Kamchatka State University; 2005. p. 6–8. (In Russ.)

3. Krylova N. N. Self-consciousness: The structure and interaction of structural components. Vestnik Penzenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of Penza State University. 2015; 1 (9): 36–40. (In Russ.)

4. Monsonova A. R., Komissarova L. G. Self-attitude as a factor of the development of life concept orientations of college students. Sotsial’nyye i gumani-tarnyye nauki na Dal’nem Vostoke = The Humanities And Social Studies in the Far East. 2012; 2 (34):166–171. (In Russ.)

5. Maralov V. G. Osnovy samopoznaniya i samorazvitiya = Basics of selfknowledge and self-development. Moscow: Publishing House Academia; 2002. 250 p. (In Russ.)

6. Sayko E. V. Self-relation as a human being and the condition of its development and self-development. Mir psikhologii = World of Psychology. 2016; 3 (87): 3–10. (In Russ.)

7. Kato K., Zweig R., Schechter Clyde B., Barzilai N., Atzmon G. Positive attitude towards life, emotional expression, self-rated health, and depressive symptoms among centenarians and near-centenarians. Aging & Mental Health[Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Aug 26]: 20 (9): 930–939. Available from: DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1056770

8. Kuznetsova A. M. The interconnection of self-relationship and self-development of the personality of students. Nauka, Tekhnologii. Innovatsii = Science, Technology. Innovation. 2015. p. 57–59. (In Russ.)

9. Kozmina L. B. Self-Attitude and self-evaluation as predictors of the psychological wellbeing of the personality of students-psychologists. Istoricheskaya i sotsial’no-obrazovatel’naya mysl’= Historical and Socio-Educational Thought. 2013; 1 (17): 193–197. (In Russ.)

10. Epova N. P. Self-relationship as an important component of students' reflexive self-awareness in conditions of a specially organised environment. Vestnik Chitinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Chita State University. 2007; 4: 134–141. (In Russ.)

11. Mironova T. L., Dondupova E. V. Features of self-relationship of students prone to perfectionism. Vestnik Buryatskogo gosuniversiteta = Bulletin of the Buryat State University. 2010; 5: 55–100. (In Russ.)

12. Miller O. M., Cherepanova E. V. Self-knowledge and self-attitude of educational students in the trainings of personal growth. Humanities & Social Sciences[Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Aug 26]: 6 (10): 1471–1478. Available from: http://elib.sfu-kras.ru/handle/2311/10034

13. Gerasimov P. E. Psychological and pedagogical aspects of formation of students’ positive self-attitude. Vestnik Kostromskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. N. A. Nekrasova. Seriya: Pedagogika. Psikhologiya. Sotsial’naya rabota. Yuvenologiya. Sotsiokinetika = Bulletin of the Kostroma State University named after N. A. Nekrasov. Series: Pedagogy. Psychology. Social Work. Juvenology. SocioKinetics. 2010; 16 (4): 50–53. (In Russ.)

14. Yip K. Sh. Self-reflection in reflective practice: A note of caution. British Journal of Social Work [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2018 Aug 26]: 36 (5): 777–778. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bch323

15. Tomassini M., Zanazzi S. Reflexivity and self-development of competencies as key drivers in individuals. Research in Comparative and International Education[Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Aug. 26]: 9 (3): 301–312. DOI: 10.2304/rcie.2014.9.3.301

16. Popova A. F., Popova A. A. Psychophysiology of self-knowledge and personality development in the physical culture university. Theory and Practice of Physical Culture. 2016; 5: 12–14.

17. Zhemukhova L. Z. Self-relation as a success factor for a modern teacher. Vestnik Adygeyskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 3: Pedagogika i psikhologiya= Bulletin of the Adygeya State University. Series 3: Pedagogy and Psychology. 2009; 2: 82–86. (In Russ.)

18. Garanina Zh. G., Maltseva O. E. Self-regulation as a factor in personalprofessional self-development of future specialists. Integratsiya obrazovaniya = Integration of Education. 2016; 20, 3 (84): 374–381. (In Russ.)

19. Garanina Zh. G. Motivational and semantic components in the structure of personal and professional self-development of future specialists. Gumanitariy: aktual’nyye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya = Humanist: Actual Problems of Science and Education. 2014; 3 (27): 28–34. (In Russ.)

20. Gaponyuk P. N. Professional self-relation as a model of social development of personality. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiyskoy akademii nauk. Sotsial’nyye, gumanitarnyye, mediko-biologicheskiye nauki = Izvestia of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Social, Humanitarian, Medicobiological Sciences. 2011; 13 (2–4): 775–780. (In Russ.)