VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
Introduction. Modern general and specific pedagogical trends, mega-trends and challenges in the future education system make it necessary to change the professional training programmes of future teachers, to clarify the competency-based model of a pedagogical university graduate. To achieve pedagogical aims of not only subject, but also of metasubject, educational, social, team-building, helpand project-based character, it is important to form prosocial competencies of future teachers that allow building “person to person help itinerary”.
The aim of the article is to provide theoretical justification and empirical verification of the significant prosocial competencies and individual mindsets of future teachers in the structure of the competency-based model of a pedagogical university graduate according to the future education challenges and priorities.
Methodology, methods and techniques. The present research is done in accordance with the methodological principles of integrative, competency-based, culturological and prosocial approaches. An online survey for 582 students of the Institute of Pedagogy of the Belgorod State National Research University was used as a research method. The survey is based on the content-analysis and the content-generalisation of some employment diagnostics for future teachers, as well as the Russian education current regulatory framework.
Results. As a result, 36 leading elements in the competency-based model of a future teacher were identified; and the most popular prosocial competencies quartiles (Q1 – “most important”, Q2 – “highly important”, Q3 – “solicited”, Q4 – “most desirable”) were highlighted. Such pedagogical competencies as “subject proficiency” and “humanism, respect for the individual, humanity” are among the leading ones. In the light of priorities within the competency-based model of a future teacher, the flexibility of the specific university training programmes is also revealed. Moreover, the students’ responses allow determining “the ability to develop the other people’s talents and skills” and “the ability to help the other people” as the competencies of the prosocial vector of the competency-based model of a future teacher.
The scientific novelty lies in the development of the prosocial competency-based model of a future teacher and in the allocation of 3 clusters of regulatory (stability and adaptability), affective (empathy and communication skills) and stimulating (time management and planning skills) competencies in its structure.
The practical significance lies in the use of the materials as starting points for improving the competency-based model of a pedagogical university graduate.
MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION
Introduction. The digital educational environment is becoming not only a challenge of the new time, but also an important condition, a means of training a specialist of the new formation for the digital society. In the digital environment, a teacher will have to learn how to organise, accompany and support the educational activities of students, build network interaction, exercise control and assessment, and create flexible personalised mastering of content. For this, it is important to understand the new nature and features of the implementation of pedagogical management in the context of the global digitalisation process.
Aim. The aim of the paper is to comprehend the systemic changes associated with pedagogical management in the digital educational environment, to study the new content of the structural components of pedagogical management.
Methodology and research methods. The present research was carried out in reliance on the system-activity, subject-personal and environmental approaches. Theoretical and empirical research methods were used. The online survey method formed the basis of the research. The respondents were young practice teachers studying for a master degree in the direction of “Pedagogical Education”. They begin their professional activities at the stage of the formation of a digital society; they will have to implement blended (distance, digital) learning. The authors applied the methods of comparative and contrastive analysis (comparison of the nature of management in a classical (classroom) and digital environment), synthesis and systematisation of data, modelling. Additionally, the methods of statistical analysis were used.
Results. The necessity of a systematic understanding of pedagogical management in the context of digitalisation was substantiated. The essence of the concept of “pedagogical management in digital educational environment” was clarified. The features and nature of pedagogical management in digital educational environment were determined, its structural components were highlighted: motivational-target, information-content, organisational-activity and control-evaluative. The vectors of strengthening the professional training of specialists in the field of education were determined.
Scientific novelty. The novelty of the research lies in the systemic understanding of the category of pedagogical management in the new digital conditions; in the system-functional description of the digital educational environment management model. It manifests itself in the possibility of revising the professional training programme for future teachers in the context of the digital transformation of the educational process, as well as building innovative educational practices at different levels of education, taking into account the new model of pedagogical management in digital educational environment.
Practical significance. It is advisable to use the results of the study to improve the quality of professional training of teachers in digital and blended learning, improve programmes and courses of advanced training, to increase the efficiency of autonomous educational and cognitive activities, implemented with digital tools and technologies, at different levels of education. The material of the article can be useful for specialists studying the issues of pedagogical management in vocational education.
GENERAL EDUCATION
Introduction. The inclusion of schoolchildren in the development of robotics can serve as an effective method of popularising technical education and a means of vocational guidance work. Educational robotics can be viewed as a means of integrating science, technology, engineering and mathematics in the context of school education, as a tool for developing flexible skills in students. The problem of the lack and/or incompetence of teaching staff in this area is a limiting factor in the development of children’s technical creativity.
Aim. Based on the analysis of the development of educational robotics (a popular and promising direction of children’s technical creativity), the current research aimed to compare the trends of its implementation in different countries, identify problems arising on the way of integrating educational robotics into school and additional education, and outline ways to overcome these problems.
Methodology and research methods. The methodological basis of the study was the theory of professional development of future teachers and the concept of forecasting the prospects in the field of education.
The identification of problems and prospects for the integration of robotics into the education of schoolchildren was carried out by the method of thematic content-analysis of publications with a search depth of 10 years, placed in the Web of Science, Google Academy and eLibrary databases.
The identification of the need for teachers in robotics in school and additional education was carried out on the basis of generalising the results obtained in the course of questioning the heads and teachers of children technical creativity centres. 275 respondents from 11 regions of Russia took part in the online survey based on Google forms.
Diagnostics of teachers’ interests and readiness to receive additional education in educational robotics was carried out on the basis of a questionnaire survey of students in pedagogical areas of training. The study involved 185 students – future teachers from 6 universities in Russia. The equipment of the system of school and additional education in Russia and the availability of appropriate equipment for schoolchildren were studied on the example of one of the Russian regions. The authors obtained empirical data from the annual reports of educational institutions.
The assessment of the availability and quality of methodological support for robotics classes was carried out by processing data from an online survey of teachers, in which 98 respondents took part.
Results. Research papers on the development of educational robotics have been divided into three main groups: robotics as a means of STEM integration; robotics as a means of forming Soft Skills; robotics as a means of forming professional competencies among teachers. The most significant problems of integrating educational robotics into school and additional education are highlighted: weak material base for organising classes; absence or low qualification of existing teachers; lack of a clear systemic plan for the implementation of robotics in the education of schoolchildren; lack of educational and methodological support. As strategies for the provision of education with teachers in educational robotics, the following are proposed: introduction into the practice of professional training of teachers in the higher education system of the profile “Educational Robotics”; implementation of professional retraining under the “Educational Robotics” programme for teachers of computer science, mathematics, technology, physics and primary education; attracting students –future teachers to receive additional education at the stage of study at the university in the framework of professional training “Pedagogy of Additional Education: Robotics”.
Scientific novelty. The problems of successful integration of robotics into school and additional education are identified and described, among which the leading one is the absence or low qualifications of existing teachers in educational robotics. The ways of overcoming the identified difficulties based on mutually beneficial cooperation of universities, schools and centres of additional education are outlined; the system-forming role of pedagogical universities in this process is outlined.
The practical significance of the study consists in the possibility of using its results to determine the prospects for the development of educational robotics, as well as to select the optimal ways of professional training and/or retraining of teaching staff for the implementation of this type of activity.
Introduction. The evaluation of online learning is an attempt to see the extent of the education process in Indonesia. This evaluation study seen from parents’ perception is a new study that has not been carried out. Most dominant researchers evaluate the learning process by emphasising the school, but it has not been touched from the parent’s side.
Aim. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of online learning based on the perceptions of parents of students.
Research methodology and methods. A discrepancy evaluation model method is used in the present research. The discrepancy evaluation model embodies five stages of evaluation: reviewing designs and standards, comparing implementation strategies, reviewing whether the process produces goals, comparing discrepancies with objectives, and cost and benefit analysis. The research subjects were 231 parents, who were involved using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using online questionnaires and interview sheets. A table of evaluation criteria and descriptive analysis were employed to analyse the data.
Results and scientific novelty. The study results show that the implementation of online learning can run well, but the government needs to prepare appropriate policies to maintain the quality of learning. On average, 72.82% of parents think that the online learning process is sufficient. There are still psychological obstacles in the form of fatigue, anxiety, too many tasks, and technical obstacles in the form of a slow Internet network and the lack of availability of online learning facilities such as cellphones, laptops, personal computers, which are input and follow-up devices for schools, so that online learning is expected to continue to be improved increasing its effectiveness.
Practical significance. This research implies that evaluation is one of the indicators that can measure the success of a programme. To implement the online learning programme, namely in junior high schools in Indonesia, it is necessary to have a special education policy by paying attention to the segmentation of the characteristics of parents, especially groups of low-income parents and education level.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN EDUCATION
Introduction. Present work is dedicated to an urgent problem that has emerged as a result of a global trend – an increase in the number of young people moving to other countries in search for a higher education, which often leads to stress during the process of cultural adaptation.
In the current research, the authors conducted a comparative analysis of the normative and individual values of students from China and Russia, studying at the Russian university. The relevance of the research is based on the existing need for distinguishing psychological resources that could be helpful in the process of cultural adaptation and experiencing stress during the contact with the new cultural environment. Value foundations are considered as one of such potential resources, capable of affecting process of experiencing stress and adaptation.
The aim of the present article was to conduct a cross-cultural analysis of the normative and individual values of students from China, who experience stress and adapt to stressful situations in a new culture, and students from Russia studying with them.
Methodology and research methods. The research uses a comparative analysis of values of different cultures and a complex analysis of value foundations in the context of experiencing stress and adaptation to stressful situations among migrant students.
Results and scientifi novelty. In the course of the research, it was found out that values corresponding to the cultural specifi of the native countries of the students (China and Russia) are statistically more pronounced among students with a low level of stress. Among students with a high level of stress, values, which are not that part of the normative of their native culture, are more pronounced. Hedonistic values hamper the process of cultural adaptation both for Russian and Chinese students. A comprehensive study of the relationship between adaptation to stressful situations and stress experience revealed the groups of students with a cross-cultural specifi
of the value foundations for experiencing stress. The data obtained both correlate with the existing studies of changes in values of students from China and Russia, and provide a basis for further research in the direction of studying stress and adaptation among students from both countries.
Practical significance. The research results can be used in the analysis of stress exposure among students from Russia and China and the subsequent development of adaptational strategies. The discovered specificities of cultural value foundations could be employed to form potential resources of preadaptation to stressful situations among student youth.
Introduction. One of the aspects of digitalisation of education is the transfer of interpersonal relations and group processes into a virtual environment. Bullying, one of the biggest problems in school communities, is also relevant when communicating on the Internet. The danger of both bullying and cyberbullying is that the bullying processes can be hidden from the eyes of adults, which makes it difficult to counteract, because from the outside the situation may seem favourable. For the same reason, the scope of the phenomenon needs to be assessed and clarified.
Aim. The current research aimed to investigate students’ subjective perceptions of the manifestations and experiences of bullying and cyberbullying in educational and online environment.
Methodology and research methods. To study the problem, a questionnaire was developed to identify the type and form of participation in school bullying and cyberbullying. The questionnaire survey was carried out among 1762 middle-level students of educational organisations of general secondary education and secondary vocational training in Ekaterinburg and the Sverdlovsk region.
Results. The presence of both school bullying and cyberbullying in the educational organisations of the Sverdlovsk region was revealed. The most common forms of both types of persecution and distribution by type of participation were identified. Distribution in school bullying: victims – 35.5%, instigators – 15.7%, ordinary participants – 11.5%, witnesses – 42.0%. In school cyberbullying: victims – 20.4%, aggressors – 7.7%, instigators – 4.7%, ordinary participants – 6.4%, witnesses – 20.4%. The transformation of school bullying in the digital space preserves the structure, types of participation, but adapts the forms of bullying and the degree of involvement of the participants. It can be argued that the involvement in cyberbullying (in all roles) is lower than the involvement in school bullying. The research results make it possible to start a study of the dependence of the forms and motivation of the persecutors on the space, in which these relations are realised.
Scientific novelty. The present research demonstrates a cross-cutting comparison of various forms of bullying and cyberbullying in school communities, recorded in representatives by different forms of bullying (victim, stalker, witness).
Practical significance. The questionnaire proposed in this paper can be used for the further analytical research on bullying and cyberbullying in school communities.
SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN EDUCATION
Introduction. Emergency remote teaching (ERT) is meant to be a temporary shift from the normal modes of contact teaching. Such transition was imposed during the global pandemic in the spring of 2020, and higher education was required to shift entire curricula online in an attempt to curb the spread of the virus while maintaining continuity of its services. The disruptive overnight change and conversion of entire courses to ERT caused concerns, not only to the educators but also to the students who had little time to adapt to the new circumstances.
Aim. The aim of the study was to examine student perceptions with regard to remote teaching during the global pandemic COVID-19. Moreover, the study aimed to identify attributes, which students deem as the most important during emergency remote teaching.
Methodology and research methods. This mixed-method case study expands earlier research addressing those concerns, and adds to the body of knowledge by investigating how ERT is currently – during the second year of the pandemic – perceived by undergraduate students in Northeastern Thailand. Responses from a self-administered survey were collected and analysed (n = 363). Based on descriptive analysis, it was decided to conduct 12 unstructured interviews to investigate particular findings more thoroughly. An importance-performance rating matrix was used to determine the perceived satisfaction by the undergraduate students.
Results and scientific novelty. The study identified that the students largely view ERT as inferior compared to traditional classroom teaching. Students claimed both lack of social interactions with peers and inability to seek academic support as the primary reasons. This study informs educators about student perceptions and preferences during these extraordinary circumstances of uncertain duration.
Practical significance. The current research presents the recommendations that aim to provide institutions and educators with practical guidance on how to tackle the outlined issues.
ISSN 2310-5828 (Online)