Introduction. The process of convergence and integration of scientific disciplines involves research in the field of education. Polydisciplinary studies wherein the knowledge is integrated from various scientific disciplines, do not meet the requirements of the solution of complex didactic problems, such as organization of the educational process in the information and educational environment, the construction of education for sustainable development of society, education in modern geopolitical conditions, etc. Thus, the importance of interdisciplinary research with a single subject matter, complementarity of research methods, integrated theoretical grounds and results, will make the contribution to all those scientific fields that are involved in assigned task solution.

The aim of the article is to present intermediate results on identification and characteristic features of interdisciplinary studies in the field of education.

Methodology and research methods. General scientific theoretical methods of research were used: analysis, comparison, fact-finding, generalization.

Results and scientific novelty. An attempt to differentiate the concepts of interdisciplinarity, polydisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity is made. In spite of the fact that these issues are actively discussed in the field of philosophy, there are no precise and unambiguous definitions of these terms; though, there is a research framework, the author of the article makes reference to. The features of an interdisciplinary study are formulated.

The functions of didactics as a scientific field are specified. Updating of interdisciplinary studies in education, need of formation of their specific methodologies and expansion of the research field of didactics by means of other interdisciplinary studies and scientific directions are proved. Psycho-didactic and cognitivedidactic studies are considered. Cognitive didactics at the moment does not seem to claim the status of independent scientific discipline as predicted by revealed criteria of interdisciplinarity. It should, however, be noted that in future didactics and cognitive science will combine research efforts on the basis of understanding of common problems and will carry out an ontologization of new scientific reality – cognitive didactics. Realization of this strategic prospect will require not only integration of intellectual resources, but also attraction of organizational and administrative ones, as well as creation of scientific collaborations (associations).

The received intermediate results demonstrate updating of cross-disciplinary researches in training, expansion of the research field of didactics at the expense of cross-disciplinary areas of scientific knowledge.

Practical significance. Possibilities and scopes for implementation of interdisciplinary studies in the field of didactics, designing of methodologies will allow the experts to deal with current problems of the organization and implementation of education, therefore, to resolve the problems that can not be solved in monoand multidisciplinary studies. 

Introduction. The transition to a new technological regime leads to social-economic and technological changes that require representation not only in the sphere of professional education but also in general school education. Processes of modernization of the content and curriculum of general education particularly acute become applicable in the subject area “Technology”, which is the basis for formation of technological culture of the graduates and successful development of their professional education.

The aim of the publication is to justify the need for changes in the content and means of technological education in connection with the transition of society to a new technological structure, changing nature of work and basic production techniques.

Methodology and research methods. The methodological basis of the study was the concept of substitution of technological regime and the concept of change of organizational cultures that determine the regularities of changes in the means and nature of work in society. The research methods involve the analysis of the current state of the system of technological education; problem statement and conceptualization; expert survey, generalization.

Results and scientific novelty. The necessity of the content and means of technological education is proved. The mentioned above necessity defines the quality of future vocational training of students according to the changing requirements of labour market, the last achievements in the technical field and technologies; serves as a warranty of maintaining competitiveness of national economy in global scales of social-economic and technological development of world production. The common regularities of changes in technological education under the influence of change of technological regimes (industrial revolutions) are described. The essence of the contents and means of technological education is disclosed. The measures of such training implementation are proposed.

Practical significance. The article can be used by researchers of technological education of students; authors of new approaches and modernization concept development of technological education content. 

Introduction. Recently, there has been a cardinal restructuring of university preparation. Linguistic education takes up nearly the last position in the new model of the higher school dictated by economic interests. Investments in linguistic projects are considered as unprofitable today. The linguistic component in educational programs of a bachelor degree is reduced to a minimum, and focused on language knowledge promoting as communication technologies.

The aim of the work purposes to trace how the scientific and the linguistic paradigm shift have an impact on the domestic linguistic education system, and to show the unrealized potential capacity of linguistic knowledge.

Methodology and research methods. The methodology of the offered research is based, on the one hand, upon the domestic periodical press review on the linguistic education problems for the last 15 years, on the other – on the philosophical analysis of science historical forms which change has caused the past, the present and the future of linguistics and linguistic education. The inductive methods to integrate different approaches are also used.

Theoretical significance. The author emphasizes the need to consider the problems of higher education in philosophical aspect, through the interaction of a scientific and educational paradigm.

Results and scientific novelty. At a time of global changes in domestic higher education the linguistic education is considered to be a display of the convergence process of natural sciences, technology and humanities. The philosophical study of the scientific paradigms – classical, non-classical and post-non-classical has revealed the regularities of the linguistic scientific paradigms – structural, communicative and cognitive. Each of the paradigms was traced in the frame of linguistic education functions alternation and constantly changing academic programs.

A new take on the U-turn of a centrifugal vector in science has obviously demonstrated the tendencies of the domestic linguistic education flimsiness: fundamental linguistic education tends to become popularized linguistic knowledge; there is no conception of linguistic education based on all the basic language functions.

However, the author notes the natural language to be the most difficult, most multipurpose and multidimensional sign system. Language simultaneously performs various functions: a form, way, tool, and means of structuring and systematized description of knowledge. Artificial computer languages provide the speed and efficiency of storage, processing and information transfer, i.e. perform tool function support not being a means of thought broadcasting. Semantic information processing is carried out by linguists «manually»; therefore, fundamental linguistic knowledge is required in the fields of semantics, syntactics, pragmatics of the language sign, laws of linguistic nominations, laws of references, regularities of perception and reproduction, mechanisms of understanding and interpretation, etc.

Practical significance. Philosophical conceptualization of a modern paradigm of scientific linguistic knowledge allows to draw a conclusion on the need of fundamental linguistic education support at the high level on behalf of preservation, realization and full development of all unique functions of a natural language as means of thinking and communication, a tool of information technologies and a sign system, and, at last, as a cultural phenomenon.

Introduction. Neurotechnologies based on the principles of a nervous system functioning are being introduced into modern educational process more and more actively. Neurotechnology-based devices give the chance to develop new educational products; to enlarge the content of education by means of transition from text, graphic and sound content filling of educational process to use of tactile, motor, emotional, and other content. One of the most perspective neurotechnologies for the field of education is the method of biofeedback (BF) which enables to define students’ mental state, change various physiological processes proceeding from the obtained data, correct educational process, and improve its quality and effectiveness.

The aim of the present publication is to identify the opportunities of the biofeedback method application for educational purposes.

Methodology and research methods. A pilot study on the basis of biofeedback technique was conducted in order to study the influence of active learning methods on students’ mental state mastering in specialty “Advertising and Public Relations”. H. Eysenck’s PEN Model was used to form focus-groups (control and experimental); psychophysiological technique CMS (Current Mental State) was applied for results processing. Also, such methods as comparative analysis, induction and generalization were used.

Results. A true picture of psychological attributes of students’ mental condition has been received for efficient studying of the current psychological state on psychophysiological functions, and training active methods impact on a condition of mentality of students according to the results of cardiorhythmogram.

The main results of a pilot research were quantitative data (as percentage points) of the current mental and psychological conditions of examinees. The obtained results have reflected the degree of attributes manifestation such as general adaptive resource, degree of mobility (lability) of mental processes, neuroticism, efficiency mentality, etc. (only 19 parameters). The degree of similarity or distinction of students’ mental state according to the available samples (standards) has been defined. It should, however, be noted that the adaptability of experimental group turned out to be higher; on the contrary, the indicators of affectivity, neuroticism, irritability, epileptoidness, and rigidity are likely to be lower.

Scientific novelty. It is proved that application of active methods of training unlike traditional ones is more effective in terms of impact on health, adaptability and efficiency of mentality of students. Thanks to a positive emotional background, students easier solve creative and cogitative tasks, and acquire a difficult training material better.

Practical significance. The materials of the pilot study can be useful for diagnostics of students’ emotional state during their coursework; elaboration of the educational process organization; studying the issues of students’ motivation while studying. 

Introduction. Emotional state of students exerts direct impact on their ability and readiness to cope with challenges when studying, gives rise to the success of educational process and its effectiveness. In this regard, the search of methods and determination of the tasks of psychological diagnostics is brought into focus. Above all, the teacher should consider mentality and valuable attitudes of representatives of various cultures, including their understanding of happiness and personal well-being in the activity against the background of the increasing scales of the international and interethnic mobility.

The development of Russian psychology has recently acquired the direction of positive psychology, the focus of which is happiness and positive functioning of the individual. Modern research reveals significant differences in the indicators of happiness and satisfaction with life between representatives of different cultures. However, the diagnostic tools used in such studies are based primarily on the model of happiness image that has been developed in American psychology. In this connection, the question arises as to what extent the image of happiness in American culture correlates with the image of happiness in Russian culture.

The aim of this work is to study the representation of happiness between representatives of American and Russian culture, the definition of invariable and variable components in the structure of representation.

Methodology and research methods. The study included several stages. At the first stage, the theoretical analysis and development of the ontology of the subject area “Psychology of Happiness” was carried out. At the second stage, an empirical study of the representations of American and Russian respondents was carried out. The main method of data collection was a narrative interview; a method of early personal memories was used to obtain the narrative of happiness. Subsequent processing of verbal characteristics was carried out using segmental content analysis. The K. Muller’s technique of sign analyzing was used for nonverbal characteristics. Statistical analysis of the data was based on the use of the coefficient of φ-angular Fisher transform, correlation coefficient φ, and cluster analysis.

Results and scientific novelty. Three multimodal clusters were selected, the structure of each included verbal and non-verbal characteristics of the oral narrative of happiness, individual characteristics (gender, age), and personality traits (extraversion-introversion). It is shown that these clusters are invariant and are manifested in the representation of the state of happiness, regardless of belonging to culture. The variability in the oral narrative of happiness is manifested in the differences in the frequency of access to the categories represented in the clusters identified, as well as in minor changes in the structure of clusters due to age. In particular, the Russian students more often appealed to the categories describing values of family and family well-being, as well as they used the non-verbal units showing aspiration to deduction of emotional state. The American students were more inclined to the choice of the verbal units connected with achievements in activity, and non-verbal categories (peripheral gestures) indicating importance of the relations with other people. The verbal and non-verbal units, reflecting interaction with a social context, have been equally presented in the sample of the Russian and American respondents’ representations.

Practical significance. The materials of the present publication can be taken into account when choosing methods of work in the framework of positive psychotherapy, as well as in developing training programs aimed at raising the level of subjective well-being, happiness and satisfaction with life. The obtained results are the basis for the development of practical recommendations for improving the effectiveness of intercultural communication, the security of interpersonal interaction. The experience of using the method of analyzing the sign units can be the basis for developing an automated system for analyzing the emotional state of an individual based on video fragments. 

Introduction. Education of a competitive student is a strategically significant problem of the system of higher education in modern social and economic conditions. Personal competitiveness and competitive orientations – priority quality of future expert for successful future professional experience.

The aim of the present research is to study factors of competitive orientations formation and criteria for evaluation of competitiveness of student’s youth in the Russian society.

Methodology and research methods. Results of theoretical researches of Russian and foreign researchers are generalized; secondary analysis of data based on results of sociological researches and analysis of official statistical data are carried out. The results of the sociological survey undertaken in 2017 on the basis of statistical methods were processed and studied by the instrumentality of IBM SPSS Statistics 23 program; 1196 students of institutions of higher and secondary vocational education of the Tyumen region took part.

Results and scientific novelty. It is stated that senior students feel themselves more competitive. It is revealed that a quarter of students who took part in the survey, generally men, count themselves competitive. A continuous distance of goal-setting is recorded among these respondents; in every third case they have plans of professional growth for five and more years that allows them to build attractive competitive strategy.

The level of the competitiveness is directly connected with such indicators as “social stratum”, “overall life satisfaction”, “self-esteem of health”, “tendency to lead a healthy lifestyle” and “the level of trust in the surrounding people”. Mostly the students oriented on competition look into the future with confidence and optimism.

Respondents focused on the competitiveness were more tend to demonstrate their abilities and cause admiration, have a creative approach towards work, be ready for surprises, risk and adventures. At the same time, uncompetitive respondents try to be “simple and modest, not to attract attention to themselves”; focused on abidance by rules; avoid condemnation by the people surrounding them.

Triple, and sometimes, fivefold gap between some indicators received on the basis of response for different block questions of the questionnaire among competitive and noncompetitive students, demonstrates formation of essentially various vital strategy.

Practical significance. The emphasized factors of the formation of competitive orientations and criteria of competitiveness evaluation can provide a framework for the development of organizational and managerial decisions in the system of professional education. 

Introduction. At the present time much attention of the society is fixed more and more to the problem of qualification improvement of pedagogical staff on account of total informatization of society, cardinal technological changes, becoming stronger interrelation of education, science and production, and active introduction in practice of professional standards. The existing system of professional development of pedagogical staff stands in need of reorganization and modernization. The search of the formats corresponding to modern realities, models and technologies of continuous training and retraining of education experts is becoming urgent today.

The aim of the article is to show the possibilities of innovative forms of distance learning, realized in the form of a massive open online course (MOOC), for the training and continuous training of pedagogical staff.

Methodology and research methods. The methods involve system-based analysis, synthesis, and generalization.

Results and scientific novelty. The concept «mass open online course» (MOOC) is clarified. MOOC is considered as a form of electronic distance training carried out on the basis of educational multimedia content, and wherein a large number of participants are involved online. The advantages of MOOC in the organization of hybrid forms of distance learning are shown: these online courses enable to combine planned online interactions of students with lecturers and tutors; mass discussions on topical professional subjects; offline study of records of training materials, and independent participants’ online coursework.

The model of professional development of pedagogical staff on the basis of MOOC and realization of the principles of open education is presented: open platform, open schedule, open training, and open certification. The main approaches to the formation of new educational environment based on MOOC are designated as an innovative platform of preparation and professional development of pedagogical staff. The experience of Togliatti State University of MOOC approbation is briefly summarized.

Practical significance. The authors consider MOOC as a future-oriented form of e-learning in network professional communities. The proposed innovative model of professional development of pedagogical staff allows to quickly realize the progressive pedagogical ideas, and to apply the tutorials created on the basis of modern information and communication tools. This model can be used by managers of inter-industry institutes of professional development and professional retraining of personnel.  

Introduction. Translation practice has a heuristic nature and involves cognitive structures of consciousness of any interpreter. When preparing translators, special attention is paid to the development of their skill of probable forecasting.

The aim of the present publication is to understand the process of anticipation from the position of the cognitive model of translation, development of exercises aimed at the development of prognostic abilities of students and interpreters when working with newspaper articles, containing metaphorical headlines.

Methodology and research methods. The study is based on the competence approach to the training of students-translators, the complex of interrelated scientific methods, the main of which is the psycholinguistic experiment. With the use of quantitative data the features of the perception of newspaper texts on their metaphorical titles are characterized.

Results and scientific novelty. On the basis of the conducted experiment to predict the content of newspaper articles with metaphorical headlines it is concluded that the main condition of predictability is the expectation. Probable forecasting as a professional competence of a future translator is formed in the process of training activities by integrating efforts of various departments of any language university. Specific exercises for the development of anticipation of students while studying the course of translation and interpretation are offered.

Practical significance. The results of the study can be used by foreign language teachers of both language and non-language universities in teaching students of different specialties to translate foreign texts. 

The aim of this study was to examine intensity of motor and intellectual abilities and motivation for physical activity of students engaged in physical education in different sports groups.

Methodology and research methods. Motor abilities of the students were assessed by measuring: hand, strength endurance, speed-power abilities, speed ability and general stamina. Assessment of general intelligence (GI) was carried out by R. Amthauer’s test in the adaptation of L. A. Yasjukova. Formal-dynamic characteristics of the individuality (FDCI) were studied using the technique of FDCI feedback form proposed by V. M. Rusalov. Assessment of motivation to implement motor activity was performed using the author's questionnaire. The method of statistical information processing has allowed the author to reveal correlation communications between motor abilities and GI of first-year students.

Results. Significant differences in the manifestation of the individual students’ characteristics choosing practicing in different types of physical activity are experimentally established. In particular, students who chose table tennis, are inferior to the students who went in for wrestling in the manifestation of certain (power), motor skills, motivation for physical activity, but at the same time show relatively higher rates of certain intellectual abilities.

Formal-dynamic traits of individuality are peculiar to students involved in table tennis, reflecting lower psychomotor activity (integrated indicator PDI - Psychomotor Development Index), in comparison with students who prefer fighting. The material presented provides a basis to argue that sports-oriented approach has some potential in the aspect of increase of efficiency of students’ physical education, distinguished by individual characteristics of age specific development.

Scientific novelty. Scientific findings on distinct differences in motivation to physical activity, manifestation of motor and mental abilities, and also formal and dynamic characteristics of the individuality of students who have chosen different types of physical activity have been experimentally obtained for the first time.

Practical significance. The results of the present study provide the scientific rationale for the introduction of differentiated and sports-oriented approaches in the organization of physical education, taking into account individual characteristics of the age specific development of students. 

Introduction. Nowadays, humanistic problems of rehabilitation and successful socialization of children with border mental state and special needs arising because of various deviations from norms of physical and intellectual development are brought into focus due to the emphasis of value of each personality capable to make strong contribution to progressive economic, technological, and intellectual development of civilization. The problems listed above can be solved through the use of Curative Pedagogics (CP). CP is an integrative scientific direction which has appeared at the intersection of such disciplines as pedagogics, psychology, and medicine.

The aim of the article is to present retrospective analysis of formation and development of CP trends in Russia and abroad; open the stages of its development from the point of view of axiological and anthropological approaches; demonstrate the heritage significance of works of the Russian and foreign scientists, which influence on formation and development of anthroposophical curative education have proved to be the most important one.

Methodology and research methods. The methodological basis of the study was a set of general scientific methods of obtaining knowledge: analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, and generalization.

Results and scientific novelty. Having studied historical sources, psychological-pedagogical and medical publications and documents, the stages of formation of CP and challenges on the way of its development as an integrative scientific branch are highlighted and characterized from the point of view of axiological and anthropological approaches. The value and viability of scientific ideas of great educators and anthropologists of the past are confirmed; in particular, their thesis about formation of the humane medical and pedagogical environment. The research field of modern CP is designated: studying the questions of health-saving; rehabilitations of physical and mental well-being of a child; search of optimum ways of internal and spiritual arrangement of children life; search of methods making active internal forces and resources of a pupil; treatment-and-prophylactic measures for prevention of the so-called didactogenetic diseases; designing of technologies and methods for children skills development of psychohygiene, relaxation, formation of need for healthy and reproductive life. Today, medical and pedagogical activity finds a widespread application in inclusive education, social therapy, and practice of work with children experiencing challenges in education, and children with deviant behavior.

The thesis on CP having been published recently, allow the authors of the present article to prove their views that health-related pedagogical activity should be considered through the prism of integrative-recreational and educational methods oriented on emotional and positive “teacher – child” interaction.

Practical significance. The results of the study and scientific facts can be interesting and useful to teachers while designing general and special History of Education and Pedagogy courses and, as well as teachers, educators, social workers, recreation therapists.