Introduction. The analysis of the argumentation employed by scientists and educators in recent years reveals a tendency to adopt an uncritical attitude towards the opinions of scientific authorities, as     well as distortions in the formulation of definitions and inaccuracies in both theoretical and empirical justifications of conclusions. These issues indicate attempts at methodological “interference” within the argumentative discourse in science education. Aim. The present research aims to identify the specifics of scientific argumentation in pedagogy and categorise the criteria for its compliance with the methodological framework into two parts: the formulation of “strict” and “soft” requirements. Methodology and research methods. The following research methods were employed: analysis of recordings of scientific dialogues, as well as texts from articles, monographs, and dissertations on pedagogy to assess argumentative correctness; analysis of methodological literature addressing the issues of argumentation across various fields of knowledge; and a method for dividing the field of scientific argumentation into two categories based on the characteristics of the subject of pedagogical research, including the potential for definition and the construction of theoretical frameworks. Results. The outcome of the study is the identification of the requirements for scientific arguments in pedagogy, shaped by the unique characteristics of its subject area. These requirements can be categorised into two types: “strict” requirements, which should be aspired to, and “soft” requirements, which can be described as mitigating circumstances that assist pedagogical researchers in addressing criticisms arising from comparisons between pedagogical argumentation and analogous processes in other scientific disciplines. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the justification for dividing the field of argumentation – an essential component of pedagogical methodology – into “hard” and “soft” criteria that align the arguments of scientific pedagogy with methodological norms. Practical significance of the results lies in the potential to utilise the presented material as educational content for students enrolled in pedagogical education programmes, serving as a guide for completing their final qualifying works.

Introduction. Maintaining teaching quality in higher education in Indonesia is challenging due to the significant job demands placed on lecturers, who are expected to fulfill multiple roles as educators, researchers, and mentors. Aim. The present research aimed to explore the potential of using the job demands-resources (JD-R) model to evaluate the quality of teaching in higher education. Methodology and research methods. This study employs structural equation modelling (SEM) using SmartPLS 3.0 software to analyse the research model based on a random sample of 285 lecturers from nineteen universities in Indonesia. Results. It has been established that role conflict among lecturers negatively impacts teaching quality, whereas self-efficacy positively influences it. The paper presents methods for utilising the JD-R model to examine factors related to the performance of higher education teachers. Scientific novelty. This study, utilising the capabilities of the JD-R model, identifies factors that influence teaching quality and presents mechanisms that underlie the relationship between role conflict and the level of self-efficacy in teaching performance among high school educators in Indonesia. Practical significance. The paper out-lines the opportunities available to university administrations and the Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology for making critical management decisions related to teaching quality. This includes restructuring the educational process to reduce the burden on teachers and expanding the methods used to assess their performance. These goals can be accomplished through the development of innovative organisational support systems.

Introduction. At the current stage of development in the interaction between pedagogical universities and regional education systems (RESs), there is an opportunity to evaluate both the effectiveness of existing models of collaboration between the region and universities, as well as the influence of internal and external factors on the functioning of these models. Aim. The present research aimed to identify the most significant factors influencing the effectiveness of the integration model of interaction between a pedagogical university and RESs, as well as how these factors are perceived by the participants involved in this interaction. Methodology and research methods. In this study, the authors investigated the effectiveness of various factors influencing the integration model of interaction between pedagogical universities and RESs through the lens of systems and environmental approaches. In this context, interaction is viewed as both a process and an outcome of the dynamically evolving relationships between complex, integrated systems, aimed at maintaining balance and achieving objectives within the contemporary socio-cultural educational environment. A survey was employed as the assessment method, involving 2,335 employees from regional educational organisations, educational authorities, educational development institutes, and pedagogical universities. The participants ranged in age from 20 to 73 years, with an average age of 45.6 years (standard deviation: 12.3), and 89.8% of the respondents were women. Results. The study revealed a discrepancy between the perspectives of different parties regarding the nature of their interactions, particularly in how representatives from various organisations perceive the functioning of interaction models between pedagogical universities and RESs. University representatives view these interactions as more fruitful and intensive, while RES representatives tend to perceive their engagement with pedagogical universities primarily in terms of addressing the challenges of training future teachers and mitigating staff shortages within RESs. Furthermore, the research indicated that the territorial factor holds greater significance for RES representatives compared to university employees. It was also found that the selection of programme content and the educational outcomes associated with it reflect the actual deficits and needs of the interacting parties. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a large-scale survey conducted among representatives of RESs and pedagogical universities comprehensively examined the perceptions of the involved parties regarding the nature of their interaction. It also identified the factors influencing this interaction and revealed the expectations of the participants concerning the professional development programme. Practical significance. The research findings can serve as a foundation for designing interactions between pedagogical universities and RESs. This implementation is feasible during the development of professional competencies, motivations, and the significance of collaborative activities within a specially designed professional development programme for the participants involved in this interaction.

Introduction. The assessment of legal culture plays a significant role in shaping the identity of law students and improving the legal systems of various countries. Aim. This study aimed to analyse the scientific literature on legal culture and to identify influential authors, emerging trends, collaborative networks, and key topics that connect legal culture with the educational process. Methodology and research methods. A bibliometric analysis was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, utilising the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The study included 2106 documents from Scopus and 442 from Web of Science. Data were processed using Microsoft Excel and R-studio, with analysis focusing on annual trends, top-cited authors, and collaboration networks. Results and scientific novelty. The study revealed a consistent increase in scientific output, particularly from 2020 to 2023, with articles and books being the pre dominant forms of publication. Key topics included the professional identity of law students, emotional regulation in the legal profession, and the role of values in shaping legal education. The most influential authors were David Nelken in Scopus and Avi Rubin in Web of Science. Collaborative networks demonstrated robust international research connections. Practical significance. The research findings highlight the necessity of incorporating legal culture into legal education to improve the educational experience of law students. This integration emphasises the significance of emotional, ethical, and cognitive skills in their professional training

Introduction. One of the characteristics of modern society is the emergence of a phenomenon known as clip thinking. The presence of clip thinking in a future teacher may hinder the development of competencies that are essential for professional success. Aim. The aim of this paper is to present a scheme for addressing a practice-oriented task, specifically designed to correct clip thinking in future teachers. Methodology and research methods. The methodological foundation of the study was based on system-activity, systemic, and practice-oriented approaches, which facilitated the identification of the characteristics of clip thinking. The study involved 250 undergraduate students from Nizhny Tagil Branch of the Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University. The authors employed the method described by S.  D. Polyakov, L. A. Belozerova, and V. V. Vershinina, along with a questionnaire developed by the authors themselves. To confirm or validate the hypothesis of the study, a comparative analysis was conducted using the Student’s t-test. Results. A scheme has been proposed for addressing practice-oriented tasks that facilitate the integration of viewing information fragments related to future professional activities and their comprehension. The effectiveness of using practice-oriented tasks to correct students’ clip thinking has been demonstrated. The diagnostic tool “Clip-Integrity Thinking” (by S. D. Polyakov, L. A. Belozerova, V. V. Vershinina and colleagues) has been adapted to evaluate the level of clip thinking among students in higher education institutions. Scientific novelty. The results of the study enhance scientific understanding of how to address clip thinking and also consider its presence when developing strategies for training future teachers. Practical significance. The data obtained can be utilised to develop a methodology for training future teachers in the field of digital technologies, aimed at addressing the issue of clip thinking. The proposed assessments of clip thinking levels can be employed to identify the unique characteristics of each student and to construct individualised educational trajectories based on this information.

Introduction. In the examination of cyberbullying, it is essential to explore the strategies employed by its participants. Identifying the psychological characteristics associated with such behaviours is crucial for formulating recommendations for psychologists and educators engaged in the study of cyberbullying. Aim. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the selected role strategies in cyberbullying and the corresponding types of interpersonal behaviour. Methodology and research methods. The methodology was based on activity theory, L. S. Vygotsky’s cultural-historical con  cept, A. V. Petrovsky’s theory regarding the mediation of interpersonal relations through activity, and L. N. Sobchik’s theory of leading trends. These theoretical foundations suggest that external conditions mediate the internal properties and states of an individual’s personality. A questionnaire was developed to examine the role-playing strategies associated with cyberbullying, as well as the motivations and counteractions related to this phenomenon. The survey was administered to a sample of 251 students from grades 5 to 11 within basic general education institutions. A questionnaire designed for the assessment of interpersonal relationships, originally developed by T. Leary and subsequently adapted by L. N. Sobchik, was administered to the same sample. Results. The relationship between the selected role strategy in cyberbullying and the corresponding type of interpersonal behaviour is elucidated in this study. Scientific novelty. This research establishes, for the first time, a connection between the types of interpersonal behaviour and role strategies within the context of cyberbullying, particularly with regard to individuals assuming the roles of victims and bystanders who intervene to protect the victim. Practical significance. The findings of this study may serve as a foundation for the formulation of methodological recommendations aimed at preventing cyberbullying.

Introduction. In light of the apparent contradiction between the necessity for parental involvement in the rehabilitation of children with disabilities and the limited competence of many parents, which hinders such participation, it is essential to study the nature of parental competence. This includes examining its levels, factors, and components that contribute to successful rehabilitation outcomes. Aim. The aim of this study is to analyse the resources associated with parental competence, within the context of social capital theory, that enable parents to attain successful outcomes in the rehabilitation process of a child with disabilities. Methodology and research methods. The sample population for this study comprised 500 respondents. The research was conducted between 2022 and 2024 at the Sverdlovsk Regional Disability Rehabilitation Centre in Ekaterinburg. A questionnaire survey was administered to the parents of children with disabilities. In addition to quantitative methods, qualitative techniques were employed to gather empirical data, utilising evaluative and projective approaches to assess various dimensions of family capital, including trust, support, attention, and the closeness of the parent-child relationship. The study also aimed to identify the types of parental positions adopted in relation to the child, which included partnership, mentoring, dominance, and rejection. Furthermore, the focus of parental engagement during rehabilitation activities within the specialised institution was examined, along with an evaluation of the effectiveness of the child’s rehabilitation process. Results and scientific novelty. Based on factor analysis, it has been established that the level of social capital possessed by parents, encompassing both family and non-family resources, directly influences the level of parental competence. Furthermore, the level of income is directly correlated with the type of parental role assumed in relation to the child, while the effectiveness of rehabilitation is significantly dependent on the degree of parental involvement in rehabilitation activities. A majority of parents exhibit a dominant and rejecting stance, which is associated with a low level of social capital and a corresponding low level of competence. In contrast, parents who assume a partner or, to a certain extent, a mentoring role, exhibit a high level of resources, while the resources accessible to other parents are classified as medium-level resources. Practical significance. The research findings can be utilised to formulate strategies aimed at improving the resource allocation for parents, with a particular emphasis on educational resources. This can be achieved by broadening the range of services available to them and establishing an eco-rehabilitation environment.