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The Education and science journal

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No 6 (2015)
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https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2015-6

METHODOLOGY PROBLEMS

4-20 1465
Abstract

This work is aimed at demonstrating the possibility of the inclusion of religious elements contained in Holy Scripture and Holy Tradition in the general natural scientific courses based on the principle of symmetry.

The method used in the work is confined to a comparison of perceptions formed in modern science and is closely related to the forms of symmetry and invariance principles (symmetry principles) and, in particular, space-time concepts with those of the Book of Genesis. Such a comparison reveals the following unexpected feature: most profound presentation of modern natural sciences is closer to the provisions of Holy Scripture and Holy Tradition than a look at the same things existed in the earlier stages of the development of science. This allows the authors to formulate the hypothesis that in the process of development of scientific knowledge, it gradually becomes closer to the religious worldview. This process is slow, so its results have become visible only within 3500 years after the establishment of the truth of the Old Testament and 2000 years after the New Testament.

Results and scientific novelty. The «firmament of heaven» and «water under the firmament» concepts are explained in the terms of the model of the Kleinert – Planck World crystal and understanding of the properties of matter and fields which are related with the conservation law of the wave-function parity. The relational nature of phenomena such as «life» and «death» in the course of universe evolution as a general trend is considered as the process of lowering the degree of symmetry of matter after the Big Bang wherein the Universe was created. The concepts used by E. Wigner for the description of the structure of the scientific knowledge are analysed. Its structure is determined by shapes and specific principles of the symmetry of exact sciences. The analysis of the concept «natural phenomenon» has shown that they are different in the degree of space-time localization. As the nonlocality of nature phenomenon becomes intensive, the limits of the scientific knowledge are approached. Understanding of creatures with the utmost degree of nonlocality is beyond the scientific knowledge. There is a tendency in modern science to study the behavior of objects in frames of nonlocal spacetime description. This trend is reflected, for example, in a study of the phenomenon of quantum entanglement. It can be stated that in this respect the position of science closes in the positions of the religious worldview.

Practical significance. In this paper the authors present a few examples of selection of content of the course based on the Principle of symmetry.

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES

21-38 1572
Abstract

The aim of the study is to describe the educational technology aimed at students adaptation to discipline-based education in basic school; results discussion of the application practice to the educational process of the 5th grade.

Methods. The methods involve learning experience, school documentation analysis, pedagogical experiment, study of students’ creativity and pedagogical experience on its organizational work. Systematic approach is used while structuring of the 5th grade students’ representations on the disciplines’ content of primary and basic general education on the methodological level

Results. The pedagogical technology of breaking the students’ educational disadaptation in the basic school is presented. The program of the course «All the subjects are good» is worked out. This program may allow students to adapt to the discipline content of the general education, to understand the essence of curriculum disciplines content and links between them, and the motivation development towards disciplinebased education evidence students’ adaptation. These objectives can be achieved through generation of skills based on the algorithmic of the concepts’ definitions mastering. The pilot implementation of the proposed technology in secondary school № 65 and in the Center «Giftedness and technology» of Yekaterinburg is presented.

Scientific novelty. The effective way of neutralization and elimination of students’ discipline-educational disadaptation based on purposeful development of their conceptual thinking is proposed.

Practical significance. The technology developed by authors allows teachers to form and develop the universal educational actions representing itself as a result of school training in the requirements of the educational standard. Timely use of this technology at transition age of children from primary school to secondary one provides the further success of their education.

MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION

39-49 2097
Abstract

The aim of this investigation is to determine the influences of professional and public assessment of innovation in the general educational system for development of state and public management of education and the modeling of the implementation of such assessment.

Methods. The methods involve analysis of strategic projects and innovative infrastructure of the Russian educational system; generalisation of the experience of the educational systems of the regions in the field of state and public management of education and management of innovation; modelling of professional and public expertise innovation activity.

Results and scientific novelty. The impact of strategic projects of development of the Russian education on the development of state and public management of education is presented. The model of professional-public assessment of innovation in the regional general educational system is proposed; the basic procedures, subjects and standards are noted. The process approach was used while designing the model; the algorithm of professional-public assessment of innovation activity is described.

Practical significance. The results of practical using of the model for professional-public assessment of innovation activity in the educational system ofSt. Petersburgare presented.

VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

50-62 1473
Abstract

The aim of the study is to consider the problem of improving the quality of education in the professional educational organizations.

Methods. The scientific and pedagogical analyses of the concepts forming a terminological field of a problem are used. The system, competence-based and personal approaches are used for development of models of cognitive visualization. Questioning of students was carried out to establish the level of development of their informative activity.

Results. The constituent parts of the modern educational process and the need to create specific conditions for its implementation are identified and described. The author gives a generalized characteristic of visualization technology of educational information. The application of cognitive visualization models using information and communication technologies are proved. The results showing the evolution of motivational indicators of students’ activity before and after application of LSM and the «Metaplan» in the educational process are presented.

Scientific novelty. The pedagogical conditions that allow using information and communication technologies as means of the trainees’ educational informative activity improvement in the professional educational organization are defined. Features of the directed application of methods of cognitive visualization of educational information, both for improvement of educational cognitive activity, and for formation of professional competences of students by profession «A chef, a confectioner» are noted.

Practical importance. Use of methods of cognitive visualization in educational process on the example of studying of Chemistry and Biology in the professional educational organization is considered in details. The teaching package providing application of methods of cognitive visualization of educational information for the purpose of improvement of educational cognitive activity of students in the professional educational organization is designed. 

NETWORK INTERACTION IN EDUCATION

63-76 1477
Abstract

The aim is to explore the features of the educational environment which are observed in educational networking of organization with manufacturing companies.

Methods. Theoretical methods: comparison and synthesis of theoretical studies of the Russian and foreign scientists on the concepts of «networking» and «educational environment»; study of regulatory documents of the leaders of the railway industry networking companies with educational organizations; simulation method of educational environment in the networking. Empirical: pedagogical observation, study the experience of networking with other educational institutions and industrial enterprises inRussiaand abroad.

Scientific novelty. The authors attempt to fill the gaps in the methodological approach to the study of networking characteristics of the educational environment, emerging as a result of networking and educational organization of production. Definitions of «networking», «educational environment» are proposed, scientific knowledge about networking «educational organization – production» and its impact on the educational environment on the example of railway transport are expanded. The authors propose to consider the concept «networking» as mutually beneficial interaction network association of organizations whose cooperation can meet the challenges of each organization, the subject of networking, in the pursuit of social goals. The «educational environment» is considered by the authors as the area of networking of educational and production systems to facilitate the achievement of the required quality of training by the employer, and includes specially created production – pedagogical conditions. The forms of networking of educational organizations and enterprises are identified by an example of the railway branch.

Results. The interpretation of the concepts of «network», «networking», «educational environment» are considered; networking functions (value-sense, organizational and pedagogical, expert-monitoring, analytical and predictive, continuously-developing) are specified; typological features of the educational environment (system, social community, a wide range of qualities) are noted; the components of the educational environment (production and didactic, social and motivational, space – a subject), conditions of operation (definition of entities networking, ensuring information transparency, the development and implementation of regulatory documents) are specified; principles (active, dynamic, a combination of traditional and innovative methods, learning tools, the organization of the spatial structure of the educational environment) are revealed.

77-88 1354
Abstract

The purpose of the research is to identify the possibilities for the formation knowledge and practical skills related to the use of the professional activity of software and network resource of teaching communities in the pedagogical sphere.

Methods. The methods involve the analysis of the literary sources, regulatory documents, Internet resources within the researched problem; an analysis of the practical experience of teachers of secondary schools, work of high school teachers and establishment of training teachers on the research problem; the experimental work and monitoring the learning process.

Results. The process of teachers’ training inYaroslavl, in particular preparation of students-biologists at theYaroslavlStatePedagogicalUniversityis reflected. Activity of network pedagogical community of Yaroslavl is considered as a platform for network interaction; the analysis of such platform, use of its resources, and also conversations with subject teachers and students have shown that the given electronic and communication resources cause a great interest for practicing teachers and future experts, however, they not always possess necessary knowledge and abilities concerning its operation.

Scientific novelty. The author describes in detail the process of forming a competence of networking of professional interaction in terms of its methodological support that is relevant to the educational process, both in the high school, and post-graduate education.

Practical significance. The research implementations can be useful while developing specific guidelines to explain the content and methodology of the training network of professional interaction with examples of practicing teachers and students ofPedagogicalUniversity– future teachers of biology.

The article is addressed to researchers, dealing with networking, specialists of teaching service centers (institutions) of educational development, the practicing subject teachers and teachers of high school. 

PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH

89-100 2072
Abstract

The aim of the study is to investigate emotional and volitional self-regulation of primary school children during musical activities such as a choral performance.

Methods. The proposed method of diagnosing emotional and volitional selfregulation in the process of choral activities, and methods of mathematical statistics are applied.

 Results and scientific novelty. The author formulates the definition of emotional and volitional self-regulation; criteria and indicators for its diagnosis are developed. The main criteria for the development of emotional and volitional selfregulation are: «self-control in the process of hearing musical performance», «emotional performance of a musical work», and «arbitrary regulation of psychophysiological state». The data obtained in the course of diagnosis in the Ural College of Music in vocal and choral activities at primary school children are analyzed. The use of mathematical statistics to summarize the data is justified.

Practical significance. The development techniques of emotional and volitional self-regulation of future musicians to choral exercises are described; this technology may be used in music colleges, children’s art schools, as well as the highest level of musical performing and musical-pedagogical education. Research materials can be useful both to psychologists, and experts in the field of music education.

THE HUMANITIES IN EDUCATION

101-115 1413
Abstract

The aim of the study is to consider the theoretical and practical problems of texts analysis of an extremist orientation; to define lacks of vocational training of religious scholars.

Methods. The methods involve analysis of existing points of view on the issue; analysis of the conceptual apparatus; reflection of empirical experience of the expert participation in law enforcement investigation and at court. The present investigation is carried out based on the authors’ experience of expert activity.

Results. The scientific inconsistency of widespread concepts "sect", «totalitarian sect», and «a destructive cult» is proved. Authors note that the term "sect" is necessary to use as religious concept exclusively in the sphere of studying of Christianity history. The necessity of correction of normative base is proved upon which many procedural and substantial questions of judicial religious examinations are solved.

Scientific novelty. Specificity of religious expertise as a form of scientific research is presented; factors that negatively affect its results are identified; it is justified that the legal position and status of non-state independent religious experts actually are not determined, therefore, not protected.

Practical significance. The use of theoretical research results allows activating theoretical component of educational activity on training personnel for Religious as in the system of higher education, and in self-education; it contributes to the development of tools of empirical research in the field of religious expertise and improves the quality of expert opinions.

DISCUSSIONS

116-128 1373
Abstract

This article develops a theme raised in the study «Education in Search of the Adequacy principle» by Yu. V. Larin, whereas the topical principle of modern education is the principle of cultural adequacy.

The aim of the study is the analysis of value-semantic content of the principle of cultural adequacy of education. Methods of the study are formed by appeal to cultural approach connecting methods of ideal typing and value-semantic reconstruction.

Results. In general, there are three types of culture based on the explication of the three modality human relations to the world: «the world is a condition», «the world is a tool», «the world is a purpose»; and, accordingly, three types of pedagogical culture: traditional, utilitarian, creative.

Traditional pedagogical culture focuses on education homo traditional – traditional man, the individual, the obedient executor of the culture value semantic, regulatory policies and regulations, subordinating its activity transmitted from generation to generation tradition. The semantic space of traditional pedagogical culture principle of cultural adequacy education is defined as the principle of consistency with established tradition.

Pedagogical culture of utilitarian type directs a homo utilitarian – utilitarian man, individuality, interpreting the culture value semantic, legal and regulatory requirements and on the basis of situational use, fully to the publication of his life publicly or individually beneficial activities. The utilitarian type principle of cultural adequacy of education is defined as the principle of consistency with the social and/or individual use in the semantic space of pedagogical culture.

Pedagogical culture of creative types is aimed at nurturing homo creator – creative person whose existence is self-organization in the space between tradition and innovation, absolute and relative, universal and particular meanings of human existence, between social and individual, collectivist and individualism aspects. Teaching of creatively thinking personality is associated with updating of creative modality attitude toward the world as creative activity, with the development of the needs for self-actualization. The cultural adequacy principle within the framework of pedagogic culture of creative type education means congruity with creativity. The implementation of this principle is related to the cultivation not only of originality, extraordinary, nontrivial thinking, but the formation of creational, aimed at an increment in life to the world.

Scientific novelty of the research concludes in originality, as well as research methodology and its results; the author’s typology of pedagogical culture is designed.

Practical significance. The proposed typology of pedagogical culture can serve as a tool for the analysis of modern education; identify its specificity and ways of upgrading. 

TE­AC­HING MET­HODS

129-142 1385
Abstract

The aim of the investigation is to present the ways and a technique of formation of students’ ecological and legal competence at humanities departments of high schools in the course of studying of natural sciences.

 Methods and results. Having applied the methods of pedagogical modelling and using resources of natural-science disciplines, the author has developed a new complex based on structure and maintenance of the methodical tools that is directed at ecological and legal competence of high school students.

Substantial block of the complex includes the integrated training course «Modern scientific picture of the world», supporting elective courses and interdisciplinary modules of eco-cultural orientation. Implementing ideas and cognitive models of postnonclassical science (systems theory, self-organization and organization) enables to provide an approach to describe the natural sciences and the social and cultural world with unified methodological positions, to build a complete system-synergetic picture in which the life of animate and inanimate nature, human life and work and society are inseparable single thread. The general laws of self-organization and evolution of complicated systems taught in the basic course enable to identify the similarities and differences in the dynamics of natural and social processes, face the problem of ecological culture and ethical and legal mechanisms, to regulate human activity that enhances deontological content of natural science training.

The technology block of the educational complex includes technology and teaching methods, which combine traditional and innovative forms of the organization of educational process. «Case studies» technology is proposed as a productive tool for developing ecological and legal competence. This technology successfully integrates many of the current well-known methods and forms of education, promoting the implementation of the competency approach.

Scientific novelty and practical significance. The results of the diagnostic research presented in the paper show that the use of the proposed educational complex enriches the eco-cultural knowledge of students, contributes to encouraging them to master natural science area, and is an effective tool in formation of ecological and legal competence. Testing the complex in the training process among different categories of students gives grounds to conclude that it can be wider used in educational practice. 

SOCIAL PEDAGOGY

143-153 1410
Abstract

The purpose of this article is to consider the features of pedagogical support of the formation of moral awareness of students, its main components and principles, to describe the components of the professional culture of the teacher, to determine the pedagogical conditions of development of moral awareness of students on the basis of the realization of the principle of the educative training of modern specialists.

Methods. Methods involve comparative analysis of literary sources, analysis of documents, systematization and generalization of theoretical material, logicaland-historical analysis, causal analysis, functional analysis, system-andstructural analysis.

Results. It is shown that the global goal of modern high school is the formation of a constructive, creative personality, embodying a highly qualified specialist, a good family man, a conscious citizen and patriot of his/her homeland, responsible for its present and future. The importance of ideological and educational functions of the teacher significantly increases and is aimed at updating the ideological position of student, his professional, civic, and spiritual-and-moral formation. Moral development of personality is a process of the formation and changing of the individual as the subject of morality, involving the development of individual systems of moral values on the basis of the adoption of moral experience of mankind, which is the evidence of moral self-affirmation and personal integrity. Modern social-and-cultural conditions require updating the content, forms and methods of education in an establishment of higher education with the reorientation from the traditional educational work to personal-oriented educational process based on the use of active (interactive) pedagogical tools. An important requirement for effective organization of educational process of students is the realization of proved organizational and psycho-pedagogical conditions. Wellorganized process of education is an integral element of the education of the person as a whole and it contributes to the choice of the person’s own life and development. The effectiveness of educational work depends largely on the level of preparedness of a pedagogue to a realization of the goals and objectives of education, possession of modern educational technologies of psycho-and-pedagogical interaction in the social-and-cultural educational environment, personal development in the conditions of information society.

Scientific novelty. The paper gives valuable information on the concrete definition and systematization of the features of pedagogical support of the formation of moral awareness of students.

Practical significance. Research materials can be used in the practice of curators, teachers, employees of the Department of ideological and educational work, workers, psycho-and-pedagogical service for the identification and correction of value orientations of the individual, for the creating the best conditions for their self-development and self-realization, for the creation of a favorable educational environment at the establishment of higher education. 



ISSN 1994-5639 (Print)
ISSN 2310-5828 (Online)