Introduction. In the last one and a half decades in Russian education competence-based approach has widely extended. Competence-based approach arose in the 1970s in the USA and gained development for the solution of problems of professional education. During mass realization of this approach in the system of the Russian education its idea began to be emasculated and turned into own contrast gradually. As a result, the advantages of the competence-based concept were leveled down, and it lost its practical importance.

The aim of the present publication is to prepare the empirical bases of competence- based approach, to open an essence of its theoretical kernel – the term "competence", to define limits of its applicability and expediency of use.

Methods. Competence-based approach is considered by the author according to the general methodological structure of the scientific theory. The analysis and synthesis of theses of normative documents (Federal State Educational Standards), contents of the scientific and methodical works and scientific publications devoted to the practical application of competence-based approach are performed.

Results and scientific novelty. From critical positions various definitions of competence as a key concept of competence-based approach are analysed. The general scheme of formation of competence is presented. The need of accurate localization of its content which provides speed of achievement of the required results and a possibility of their diagnostics is emphasized. The framework of application of competence-based approach is designated: it is effective if trainees are trained for performance of unambiguously described, algorithmic professional functions; it is of little use for training of specialists whose future professional activity means a big share of a productive, creative component; it is irrational in school education which is aimed at the general development, but not at early narrow specialization which does not allow to be created to a complete picture of the world and leads to loss of fundamental nature of the general education. It is shown on concrete examples how the concept of competence of the Russian pedagogical science and practice «is degraded»: various common cultural, key, transparent and other competences become synonyms of the concepts "culture", «thinking», and «education». It is emphasized that the competence, which went beyond its subject domain and borders of educational process, loses the practical sense. The conclusion is drawn on inflation and insolvency of competence-based approach in modern education.

Practical significance. It is offered to limit the use of category of competences only to those professional spheres which are connected with the performance of accurately algorithm-based actions that lead to receiving a concrete measurable product; or as an alternative to consider resulting educational effect as a product of independent activity of a student. Otherwise, further profanation of competence-based approach will be aggravated, and the quality of training of graduates of educational institutions of various levels will decrease.

Introduction. The relevance of the problem under study is caused by the contradiction between the necessity of fundamentalization of education, raising it to the level of the requirements of integral human development and the deepening disintegration of all sides of his life, including vocational education.

The aim of the present publication is philosophical and pedagogical reflection and development of mechanisms for mainstreaming integrative-holistic approach when building a hypothetical model of professional education, aimed at provision of strategic turn towards more balanced (dialectical) approach to the traditional values of education. In particular, it concerns the experience of mining schools of the Urals.

Methods. A leading approach to the study of this problem is an integrativeholistic approach (PPI) that can identify the holistic nature of the pedagogical system in which: a) inter-transformation of cooperated parts occurs not at the expense of each other, but on behalf of each other part; b) the existence of common points of contact between the cooperated components is complemented by the coexistence of the opposite, sometimes mutually exclusive sides of life; c) the idea of the priority of the whole is in harmony with the idea of polycentrism.

Results and scientific novelty. The study shows the failure of the monopoly of the prevailing doctrine of competence-based education as a means for the successful resolution of global problems of reintegration of human existence and therefore postulated the necessity of antinomization (diversification) of education. The authors make the original hypothesis of the construction of the concept of vocational education on the basis of the reconstruction of experience of the mining schools of the Urals and prove the prospectivity of integrative-holistic strategy of reconstruction of educational experience in modern conditions. The system of technological and methodological support of the process of reconstruction of educational experience in modern conditions on the basis of an integrative-holistic approach is developed and presented.

Practical significance. The materials of this article can be useful when modeling, the design and construction of educational organizations (systems) that meet the needs of development, the formation and socialisation of a multidimensional personality and the requirements of emerging new communications reality in the relationship of education, production and social environment.

Introduction. Nowadays, there is no evidence-based strategy of upgrade of system of preparation of pedagogical personnel for continuous professional education in the Russian Federation. At the same time, scientists recognize that smoothly running regular high-quality replenishment of education by the skilled heads and teachers having fundamental psychology and pedagogical knowledge and being specialists in one of economic industries has crucial importance for successful development of post-industrial society. Hence, the need for creation of multichannel system of professional and pedagogical preparation has emerged.

The aim of the present publication is to provide the complex overview of problems of reforming of professional pedagogical education and to show possible ways of their decision.

Methods. The methodological basis of the study involves the concept of professional development of an individual; the thesis on the integration of the system-based, process and project approaches; the principles for the development of professional pedagogical education. Panoramic approach to the discussed problems of modernization of professional and pedagogical school has defined the logic of our research.

Results. Psychological and pedagogical problems of professional education are analysed. Multidimensional metaprofessional qualities of teachers of vocational school are considered. The conceptual model of vocational structure of preparation of pedagogical personnel is developed for the system of continuous professional education.

The debatable aspect of the research is reflected in the project of a psychological and pedagogical platform – the autonomous modular educational program including massive open online courses, management systems of educational process, supports of innovative infrastructure of education, humanitarian technologies of high education.

Practical significance. The vocational structure of training of teachers of vocational school offered by authors can become a basis for essential expansion and change of organizational forms of education of valuable personnel and ensuring their social professional mobility. Project implementation of an educational psychological-pedagogical platform including the main heuristic advantage as universality and a humanitarian orientation and technological effectiveness, will promote improvement of quality of vocational education.

The aim of this article is to analyze the format of a two-leveled training – bachelor and master – future teachers of mathematics from the point of view of the content of mathematical material, which is to develop prospective teachers of mathematics at those two levels, shaping their professional competence.

Methods. The study involves the theoretical methods: the analysis of pedagogical and methodical literature, normative documents; historical, comparative and logical analysis of the content of pedagogical mathematical education; forecasting, planning and designing of two-leveled methodical system of training of future teachers of mathematics.

Results and scientific novelty. The level differentiation of the higher education system requires developing the appropriate curricula for undergraduate and graduate programs. The fundamental principle must be the principle of continuity – the magister must continue to deepen and broaden knowledge and skills, along with competences acquired, developed and formed on the undergraduate level. From these positions, this paper examines the course «Number Systems» – the most important in terms of methodology course for future mathematics teachers, and shows what content should be filled with this course at the undergraduate level and the graduate level. At the undergraduate level it is proposed to study classical number systems – natural, integer, rational, real and complex. Further extensions of the number systems are studied at the graduate level. The theory of numeric systems is presented as a theory of algebraic systems, arising at the intersection of algebra and mathematical logic. Here we study algebras over a field, division algebra over a field, an alternative algebra with division over the field, Jordan algebra, Lie algebra. Comprehension of bases of the theory of algebras by the master of the «mathematical education» profile will promote more conscious understanding of an axiomatic method, a structure of axiomatic theories in mathematics, development mechanisms of mathematical science; at the same time it will help to develop to complete vision of mathematics as a single science. As a result, the educational level of the master will be above the educational level of the bachelor of pedagogical mathematical education.

Practical significance. The article can be useful to heads of departments and graduate programs, faculties of classical and pedagogical universities, carrying out preparation of masters in the direction «Pedagogical Education (Mathematics)».

Introduction. Successful upgrade of the secondary professional
education (SPE) has a key value for innovative development of domestic economy. First of all, the solution of a task of creation of high-technology workplaces and development of labour productivity has a key role. However, the process of reforming of SPE, which dragged on for many years, is followed by the internal and external contradictions which are slowing down an inflow of necessary skilled personnel on the labor market.

The aim of the present article consists in drawing attention to the collected problems and contradictions in the system of SPE which are in many respects caused by inconsistency in rule-making and legislative activity of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, special-purpose committees of the State Duma of Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation in education.

Methods. The research is based on the analysis of normative and program documents in the field of SPE, realization of competence-based approach in practice of activity of establishments of professional education.

Results and scientific novelty consist in identification and designation of the obvious and hidden antinomy existing in the SPE system now. The reasons for the late reaction of system of training of personnel to the transformations happening in economy are disclosed: discrepancy of training programs to requirements of employers; unsatisfactory quality of training of graduates; fall of prestige of working professions and specialties among youth; the broken ratio in a life-long education chain «a worker – a technician – an engineer»; reduction of the staff of masters of professional training; disinterest of employers in the joint SPE problem resolution (in cooperation with pedagogical community); excessively fractional specialization of professions of workers in available occupational classifications, etc. The designated problems enable to begin a search of ways of their decision and options of the valid upgrade of the SPE system answering to the requirements of economy. The inefficiency of the concept of one-leveled SPE and its non-competitiveness against the background of development of an applied bachelor degree at the higher school is shown. It is offered to differentiate programs of basic level for training of skilled workers and the program of the increased level for training of specialists of an average link (technicians, technologists) on the basis of basic level for forming of a single system of continuous professional training and effective functioning of regional systems of professional education. Such system will help to eliminate disproportions in a triad «a worker – a technician – an engineer», and will increase the quality of professional education. Furthermore, it is indicated the need of polyprofessional education wherein the integrated educational structures differing in degree of formation of split-level educational institutions on the basis of network interaction, convergence and integration are required. According to the author, in the regions it is necessary to develop two types of organizations and SPE organizations: territorial multi-profile colleges with flexible variable programs and the organizations realizing educational programs of applied qualifications in specific industries (metallurgical, chemical, construction, etc.) according to the specifics of economy of territorial subjects.

Practical significance. The results of the research can be useful to specialists of management of education, heads and pedagogical staff of SPE institutions, and also representatives of regional administrations and employers while organizing the multilevel network system of training of skilled workers and experts of middle ranking.

The aim of the study is to review the practice of work-based learning (WBL), based on the experience of higher education institutions in the United Kingdom.

Methods. The methods of system and comparative analysis, synthesis and generalization are used.

Results. The background and development of WBL is given; the importance and value of this form of education in the modern, rapidly changing society is shown. The main characteristics are selected and basic aspects of WBL programs profitable different from traditional university programs are designated: relevance to real production processes; student centricity; flexibility of content which is built proceeding from interests of an employer and a student; high extent of integration of various disciplines and fields of knowledge; recognition of the prior certified and independent training; optimization of time expenditure; possibility of the choice of the place of training, its sequence, schedule of control actions, and other advantages. Options of a program implementation of WBL, complexity of their implementation and methods of their overcoming are described. A few critical remarks concerning WBL programs are also presented.

Scientific novelty. For the first time the analytical review of WBL practice at a higher education level, which is widespread in English-speaking countries over the last 25 years, is presented in the Russian scientific literature in education.

Practical significance. The materials provided in the article can be useful to heads and teachers of institutions of higher education; methodologists of structures of vocational preparation and advanced training of personnel of high technology productions; the employers heading large-scale industries and interested in upgrading of employees’ educational level.

Introduction. The culture of parents, family constellation and the atmosphere in the family, including psychological well-being of all its members have a great impact on forming of the identity of a child. The study of psychological well-being of parents with children with intellectual disabilities, allows us to select the most important areas of work with the family, effectively distribute the efforts of experts to meet the communication, medical, educational and other needs of families.

The aim of this research is to analyze the state of psychological well-being of parents of the special boarding school children as a factor of their socialization.

Methods. A standardized scale of subjective wellbeing (authors Perrudet-Badoux, Mendelssohn and Chiche, adapted by V. M. Sokolova) is used to determine the components of the psychological well-being of parents of mentally deficient children. The technique «A scale of subjective well-being» in author’s adaptation is applied to determination of the level of psychological well-being of school students.

Results. 58 parents from 53 families and 60 children of early teenage age (12–13 years) having the diagnosis of F70 (minor mental retardation) or F71 (moderate mental retardation) participated in the research; it shows that the comprehensive social and psychological support of a family aimed at providing psychological well-being of parents (their legal representatives) in the conditions of correctional boarding school becomes a factor of positive socialization of the child with intellectual incapacity. Adult examinees with psychological problems are not found. The respondents do not have serious emotional problems, they are optimistic, not inclined to state claims, active, successfully interact with people around, most of them possess a positive self-assessment. These characteristics are explained by the comprehensive program of social and psychological maintenance of families conducted at school. It is concluded that interconditionality of psychological well-being of children and their parents can and must be supported and adjusted by the school.

Scientific novelty consists in the development of ideas to ensure positive socialization of families with children with disabilities.

Practical significance. The found results can be used in special education, the implementation of social and psychological support of students with intellectual disabilities and their families.

Introduction. There are two tendencies considerably allocated in educational process of the modern higher school: the increasing amount of time for independent work of students and the active introduction of the information and communication technologies (ICT) which is followed by its continuous updating and improvement. The article contributes to the problem of managing competency-based and professionally-oriented self-study for future teachers; the suggested method combines the advantages of project-based learning and the use of ICT.

Aim. The objective of the paper is to assess the efficacy of interdisciplinary e-project-based approach to managing university students’ self-study.

Methods. To evaluate the efficacy of such innovative method as interdisciplinary e-projects, we use quantitative and qualitative assessment. A set of quantitative pre- and post-surveys are administered for students in order to evaluate their learning outcomes and competencies development. Students’ motivation and attitudes were evaluated through questionnaires, interviews and discussions. An expert group appraisal method was used to define assessment components.

Results. The groups of didactic properties and ICT didactic functions are allocated and analysed. Types of educational projects are presented. Definition and characteristic of the interdisciplinary e-project are given. Results of the pedagogical experiment conducted in M. T. Kalashnikov Izhevsk State University are described; the technology of development among students of foreign-language and information-communication competences as the most important professional ones is approved.

Scientific novelty. The method of interdisciplinary e-projects is offered; it involves a set of the educational-informative techniques and procedures realized in the electronic environment and directed to the solution of the interdisciplinary problem connected with types and tasks of vocational activity. Interdisciplinary eproject-based approach to managing university students’ self-study prevents the loss of vital professional competences that were formed at early stages of training; the problem-oriented nature of activity of pupils should be considered while performing e-projects. Gradual and systematic use of the method of interdisciplinary e-projects throughout the whole period of training in higher education institution provides positive dynamics of vocational training quality.

Practical significance. E-project-based approach proposed in this paper can be used for full-and part-time educational courses, correspondence courses, and for vocational development courses.

Introduction. Today the main social and economic advantage of Russia in global economy (we do not take natural wealth into account) is the human capital which development has to become a priority for all levels of an education system. The relevance of the article determined by the need to modernize the educational programs, technology and content of the educational process in the institutional space of postgraduate teacher education. It is one of the key factors in the development of the intellectual capital of a society, providing a transition to continuous, socially oriented, associated with global and domestic fundamental science education for all people and aimed at the formation of the creative socially responsible personality. The new mission of post-degree training «through all life», consisting in the advancing formation of intellectual potential of the country, demands search of new forms and methods of additional professional education.

Aim. The aim of the article is to disclosure the essence of scientific-project consulting as an innovative format of teachers and scientific-pedagogical staff.

Methods. The institutional approach is the basis of the study. In accordance with this approach, the development strategy and the areas of work of traditional and new institutions of post-degree education – Department of Pedagogy and Andragogy and the Center of Scientific and Design Consulting are designated. As methodological base of this type of consulting, it is offered to use provisions of the genetic-substantial theory of the developing education, in particular the principle of development regulating processes of continuous improvement of professionalism of experts of education and development of new functions by them in post-industrial society.

Results. The conceptual model of a reflexive outline of management of process of formation of new professional positions of the teacher is constructed; its components are characterized. Scientific-project consulting as a backbone concept of model is defined as a specific innovative format of preparation of pedagogical and academic-teaching personnel capable to conscious design and transformation of own professional activity and education in general acts. Projecttransformative approach to implementation of analytical, organizational-administrative and scientific-methodical support of teachers concludes in the mechanism of realization of such consulting. The value of this format of additional professional education from the point of view of the joint practice-focused scientific search organization of the solution of problems in education system is shown. The forms of post-degree training which are most demanded within scientific and design consulting are described.

Scientific novelty. In the field of pedagogical post-degree education consulting has not become a full standard rule yet. In general, educational consulting including development of techniques of management and planning of educational activity is applied to methodical maintenance of functioning and development of educational structures. Perspective scientific and project types of consulting in post-industrial society still have remained out-of-sight of a scientific pedagogical research. The authors of the present article make one of the first attempts on completion of this gap in the Russian education.

Practical significance. Introduction of scientific-project consulting in the field of post-degree training of the top skills for the sphere education offers new opportunities of scientific-organizational and expert-consulting maintenance of innovative activity of members of an educational process.