GENERAL EDUCATION
The main purpose of an integrated monitoring research is the analysis of the main directions of research activity of faculty, staff and young scientists of the university.
Methods. Scientific and theoretical analysis of publications on the researched topic are used as basic methods; sociological and diagnostic data collection methods; the method of statistical processing and classification of documentary and empirical data; the methods of content analysis and quantification of documentary and sociological information.
Scientific novelty. The research is characterized by an integrated approach to the study of the problem: the basic provisions are analyzed; conclusions and recommendations of reports on research projects made by members of temporary research teams (or, university scientists and teaching staff). The classification (depending on the translation vectors results) of dissertation works of graduate students, doctoral candidates is carried out in the course of the present study. Documentary information about the publication and presentation of scientific and pedagogical staff of the university is systematized; the report and information cards on the activities of innovative platforms are analyzed. The research team, with the direct participation of the author, after studying a few scientific publications on the subject, has developed an original method of complex research of the main directions of research activity of university scientists.
Results. The presented research has allowed to note publication and innovative activity of the research and educational personnel, along with other its types, can act as the indicators characterizing the main directions of research activity both of higher education institution in general, and its concrete educational and scientific divisions. At the same, time the author emphasizes that efficiency of research process is caused not so much by quantitative as qualitative characteristics of concrete research staff, its vocational, scientific and creative potential.
Practical significance. This approach can be used while studying the issues of pragmatic use of the main directions of research activity results in higher education in various fields. At the same time, the conclusions and recommendations as a result of this integrated monitoring study can serve as a basis for the development and management decisions aimed at improving the scientific and practical potential of university research in general and its specific areas.
METHODOLOGY PROBLEMS
The aim of the publication is the analysis of the place and the role of scientific categories and application of the concept of «quality» as a threepronged science of quality, quality management, quality assessment in contemporary global processes, as well as applied aspects with regard to the adoption of specific management decisions.
Methods. Methodology of interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of the "quality" category is used; the methods of theoretical analysis, synthesis and generalization.
Analysis of the «quality» of the concept is carried out in conjunction with the global processes and trends in the economy, the crisis in the world, due to the emerging new technological order. The theoretical foundation that can be laid at the base of the further development of the theory of quality and making the qualitative nature of the reforms in the social sphere and the economic sphere is considered in details.
Results. The tendencies, risks, problems and suggestions on the practical application of some or other quality concepts, approaches to enforcement are signified. The author's vision of the future development direction, associated with quality, including in international breaking is given.
Scientific novelty consists in determining of qualitology potential applied to solve complex theoretical and practical problems, its place and role among emerging new classification of classical and non-classical sciences. The promising directions of the quality theory in relation to the economy, social sphere, education are identified.
Practical significance. The proposed recommendations on use of ideas for management approaches reconsideration, organization of research and training in the field of quality.
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
The aim of the study is to analyze the features of the competence approach application in the theoretical and natural science subjects’ teaching in medical school.
Methods. The method of expert estimation is used in order to find out main tendencies and problems arising in the course of professional competencies development. The implementation of problem-oriented method in fundamental disciplines’ teaching is applied.
Results. The effect of the competence approach on educational process is shown in the teaching experience of pathological anatomy and statistics. The problems and complicating factors faced by teacher are identified. The basic approaches facilitating the development of professional competencies based on a fixed time allotted for studying a particular discipline are proposed.
Scientific novelty and practical significance. The proposed approaches and practical recommendations will enable to form more efficiently the competences in fundamental disciplines. The implementation of competence approach in teaching the fundamental science subjects requires adjustments of substantial and methodological levels of training including the active use of information technologies and a substantial increase in the role of seminars and self-studies. The advantage of the proposed approaches concludes in their universality: with some adjustment, they can be used in teaching other subjects, regardless of the specifics and the type of educational institution.
The aim of the investigation is to theoretically justify and describe approval of the measurement of the level of provision of educational services, education qualities and rating of vocational educational organizations.
Methods. The fundamentals of methodology of the research conducted by authors are made by provisions of system approach; research on a schematization and modeling of pedagogical objects; the provision of the theory of measurement of latent variables. As the main methods of research the analysis, synthesis, the comparative analysis, statistical methods of processing of results of research are applied.
Results. The paper gives a short comparative analysis of potentials of qualitative approach and strong points of the theory of latent variables in evaluating the quality of education and ratings of the investigated object. The technique of measurement of level of rendering educational services at creation of a rating of the professional educational organizations is stated.
Scientific novelty. Pedagogical opportunities of the theory of measurement of latent variables are investigated; the principles of creation of ratings of the professional educational organizations are designated.
Practical significance. The operational construct of the latent variable «quality of education» for the secondary professional education (SPE) approved in the Perm Territory which can form base of formation of similar constructs for creation of a rating of the professional educational organizations in other regions is developed.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH
The aim of this work is the study of the universal and specific characteristics of empathy of students from Russia and China.
Methods. The methods involve the analysis and generalization of literature on the concept and structure of empathy, the influence of cultural factors on this phenomenon. The research is performed in line with the cross-cultural approach. Data are obtained using two methods: «Diagnostics of the level of poly-communications empathy» by I. M. Yusupov and «Diagnostics of the level of empathic abilities» by V. V. Boyko (in the modification of V. V. Boyko and O. A. Klitsenko).
Results. The influence of cultural factor the formation of the components of empathy and the severity of the empathy towards various social objects are analyzed. Specific characteristics of empathy of students from Russia (generalization, association, high severity emotional component of empathy) and from China (differentiation and selective empathy) are detected. Two universal characteristics are founded: empathy to the parents to be stronger than for other social objects, and also equally expressed the cognitive component of empathy.
Scientific novelty. The study has proved that it is not enough to examine only the level of development of empathy. It is necessary to study its emotional and cognitive components, as well as orientation towards various social objects.
Practical significance. Recommendations for creation of more comfortable and safe educational environment in Russian Higher educational institutions for students from China are proposed.
The aim of the publication is to present the research results of the connection between the emotional intellect and the emotional burnout among the students of pedagogical college; and disclose the peculiarities of this conection.
Methods. Theoretical and methodological bases of work are concepts of «Emotional Intelligence» by D. V. Lyusin and «MBI» (Ch. Maslach and S. Jackson, adaptation by N. E. Vodopyanova), ideas by D. Goulman, R. Cooper; and also approaches to research of emotional intelligence by P. Sulloway and J. Meyer.
Results. Data on correlation of emotional intelligence and emotional burnout of students of pedagogical specialties are obtained and described. Phases of manifestation of burnout and levels of formation of intelligence are revealed. The stated research makes a contribution to further studying of the emotional and strong-willed sphere of young men and girls, expands ideas of the nature of emotional intelligence and a syndrome of burning out and gives the chance to plan the further directions of prevention and correction of this syndrome at students through development of their emotional intelligence. These actions will allow to include internal resources for resistance to stress increase that will promote success and competitiveness of the personality in the modern world.
Scientific novelty. The connection of emotional intelligence and a syndrome of emotional burnout among young people of student's age is considered for the first time. Results of empirical part of work prove existence of inverse relation of emotional burnout and emotional intelligence that allows to conduct further more in-depth studies in this sphere.
Practical significance. Results of the presented research can be used in practical activities of psychologists for development of the correctional developing programs of an emotional condition of students.
SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
The aim of the article is to analyze the results of monitoring efficiency of universities by the example of educational institutions of the Omsk region.
Methods. The methodology of complex research, including methods of statistical, sociological, comparative analysis and analysis of documents and databases of the Ministry of Education and Science and educational organizations are applied.
The results and scientific novelty. It is found that the evaluation of higher education institutions depends not so much on the success of their work as on the list of used measurement indicators and features of scoring system. Rejection of a comprehensive study of the work of educational institutions, reflected in the use of individual evaluation indicators, leads to a substitution of the object of measurement and incorrect results of the survey.
Practical significance. The authors suggest that the findings undertaken by them will lead to timely and strategic university work correction: contribute to the adjustment of the methods of evaluation of higher education institutions and improve their adequacy problem of a comprehensive study of the work of universities.
HISTORY OF EDUCATION
The aim of the publication is to state the creative principles of activity of the outstanding scientist and teacher Dmitry Ivanovich Blokhintsev (1/10/1908 – 1/29/1979) – the organizer and the first director of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Researches in Dubna in 1956–1965, one of the pioneers of Nuclear Science and Atomics, the corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
The author of the article shares memories about the teacher and the research supervisor, and gives a peculiar report on realization of ideas of D. I. Blokhintsev. D. I. Blokhintsev had the special, original point of view on spiritual bases of scientific creativity that was directly reflected in his research and pedagogical activity.
There are two fundamental aspects of pedagogics. On the one hand, it is the science possessing own specific laws and methods. On the other hand, the pedagogics is an art which methods, unlike scientific methodologies, can’t be acquired by formal and logical schemes. They are broadcast from one personality to another in direct communication. Thus possibly the «correspondence» assimilation of methods of outstanding teachers is inefficient as a rule. Not enough attention in the press is paid to this informal aspect of pedagogics in the view of difficulty of its description and analysis. The discussed D. I. Blokhintsev’s heritage is valuable from positions of the characteristic of pedagogics as arts of creative skill transfer. At first sight, it can seem paradoxical that this part of pedagogics is considered in connection with work in the field of the Quantum Field Theory and Cosmology – one of the most formalized fields of Theoretical Physics. However, the science, as well as pedagogics, considering it from top-level creativity, is becoming some kind of art too.
One more important direction of work of D. I. Blokhintsev continued by the author of the publication in the book «Principles of the Quantum Universe» is emphasized. It is connected with the development of idea about vacuum as a source of all variety of the material world surrounding us. This deep world outlook idea includes both philosophical and religious aspects. D. I. Blokhintsev was presented the Order of Saints of Cyril and Methodius of the 1st degree (Bulgaria, 1970) for his fundamental course «Bases of Quantum Mechanics» published in nine languages. The scientist was the chairman of the organizing committees of 17 international conferences «Science, Philosophy and Religion» held in Dubna from 1990 to 2015 together with Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Moscow Spiritual Academy in Sergiev Posad, Fund of Andrew the FirstCalled, and Center of National Glory of Russia.
D. I. Blokhintsev not only has enriched world science with fundamental works in the field of Solid State Physics and Statistical Physics, Acoustics, Physics Of Reactors And Nuclear Power, Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Field Theory and Quantum Electrodynamics, Physics Of High Energy and an Atomic Nucleus, Philosophy and Methodology of Science, but also left the reserve stimulating creative scientific activity for future generation. The article shows how the principles of scientific creativity of D. I. Blokhintsev work in Modern Physics and Cosmology of the Universe.
DISCUSSIONS
The article presents criticism of the state of scientific knowledge about adult education and provides the reasons for the choice of directions of its development.
Methods. The approach to the substantiation of directions of development of andragogy includes aspectual analysis of scientific rhetoric of adult education; summarizing the symptoms and causes of the problems of educational practice examples of education managers; the analysis of the status of andragogy as a scientific paradigm; a conceptual analysis of the key theses of the modern synthesis of andragogy and the provisions for developmental adult education.
Results and scientific novelty. Four theorems are formulated that specify the complete set of propositions about a developmental approach to adult education. These theorems are presented as a scientific hypothesis about the features of the approach. The theorems are proved, and the substantiation of the conditions of emergence of the adult education of educational properties is described. The idea of adult education as a developing culture is in the centre of reasoning. It is shown that the assertions of theorems form the conceptual core of the scientific branches in adult education – andragogy of development. The effect of the practical interpretation of its provisions is disclosed.
Practical significance. Disclosed meanings and recommendations may be oriented to developers of educational systems and media for adults while creating the developmental components. These references will help to overcome the evident trend information of adult education to the "pulling" them up to continually outdated standards, and to give it the look of a truly developing technology.
CORRECTIONAL TRAINING
The aim of the study is to determine the influence of music classes on the cognitive functions formation in children of primary school age with regulatory development and children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methods. The complex pediatric neuropsychological method by T. V. Akhutina is used in the presented study. This method was developed at the Laboratory of Neuropsychology in Moscow State University under the direction of T. V. Akhutina.
Results. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results obtained during the neuropsychological research reveals that music classes within one year significantly influence on the increase in the rate of cognitive development of children with regulatory development. This is manifested in a more rapid formation of their kinetic and kinesthetic functions, hemispheric interaction and the ability to perceive and reproduce rhythmic structures. Research of influence of learning to play musical instruments within two years on the cognitive development of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder showed significantly greater development of the programming functions and voluntary activity control, the kinetic functions, hemispheric interaction, the ability to perceive and reproduce rhythms per sample, verbal memory of children involved in music. This demonstrates more rapid flow of their compensatory processes and forming a number of cognitive functions.
Scientific novelty. The statistically confirmed data on correctional-developing influence of music classes on cognitive development of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are achieved.
Practical significance. The research materials may be applied by practical psychologists in preparation of complex correctional care programs for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
CONSULTATIONS
The aim of the article is to give a theoretical justification of the criteria, indicators and measuring instruments for diagnostics of professionally significant leadership qualities of a teacher.
Methods. Research material is presented from positions of the system and activity approaches. The first one allowed to develop the structure of professionally significant leadership qualities of a teacher, which includes twelve individual abilities and traits. The second one, abilities and individual features, their manifestation and development are considered from the standpoint of systemogenesis of professional activity. From these positions defined criteria basis for the diagnosis of professionally significant leadership qualities of a teacher. Methods of content analysis and content-logical intersections are used while defining the concept of «professionally significant leadership qualities of a teacher» and elaboration of its component composition. The method of concept analysis is used to determine criteria and indicators for diagnostics of professionally significant leadership qualities of a teacher.
Results. The criteria and indicators, diagnostic tools for the detection of the formation of professionally significant leadership qualities of students of pedagogical college; the characteristic of used methods are given. Scientific novelty. The article provides a definition of the concept «professionally significant qualities of leadership of the teacher» is defined by the author; essence of such qualities is revealed.
Practical significance. Described in this article approaches to definition of criteria and indicators may be of interest to researchers, graduate students, undergraduates. Listed diagnostic tools can be used in the performance appraisal of teachers for evaluating their leadership qualities.
ISSN 2310-5828 (Online)