GENERAL EDUCATION
The aim of the investigation is to justify appropriate approach to the implementation of educational requirements formulated in the social management system in terms of competences.
Methods. The methods involve analysis, synthesis and simulation.
Results and scientific novelty. The main constraints of pedagogy opportunities to meet the requirements formulated in the field of social management are disclosed. The approach to the implementation of education of social management of the claims submitted in the form of competencies is proved. The roadmap reorientation of the educational process in the implementation of these requirements is given.
Practical significance consists in the justification of the presence in the arsenal of Pedagogy and Psychology tested methods that meet the requirements formulated in terms of competences, and demonstrate the counterproductive existing voluntaristic approach to the introduction to the subject area of pedagogy and excessive foreign terms.
METHODOLOGY PROBLEMS
The purpose of the present publication is to disclose the contents of the monitoring initial stage including theoretical understanding of observed object, comprehension of its essence, definition of assessment criteria, the choice of diagnostic means and sources of information.
Methods. The problem analysis of scientific prerequisites for pedagogical interpretation of education quality phenomenon, comparison and assessment of various approaches in definition of its essence are carried out from the system approach; the author’s understanding of quality of future teachers training to research activity and criteria of its assessment is proved. The studying and analysis of official documents, educational programs and scientific publications, systematization, substantial generalization, structuring, differentiation and expert assessment are used while the problem solution of main research actions for scientific and pedagogical search selection, which are essential result of high school training.
Results. Criteria and estimated complex of quality of learners training to research activity, developed according to requirements of the monitoring assessment, reflecting its intrinsic properties (quality of educational process, quality of its conditions, quality of the received results) and their specific indicators are proposed. Stage-by-stage procedure of research actions selection is developed. Diagnostic means and sources of information are defined.
Scientific novelty. Definition of the concepts «education quality», in terms of its understanding as a set of intrinsic aspect characteristics and the quality principle of process and its conditions quality reflection (A. I. Subetto), and the «practice-oriented research activity» defined as a set of the research actions reflecting its subject contents which are carried out in the context of the scientific solution of actual professional and pedagogical tasks is given. The list of research actions for each of three levels of high school education – a bachelor degree, a magistracy and postgraduate study is defined.
Practical significance. The proposed criteria and diagnostic tools can be used in work of higher education for monitor tracking the quality of learners training to research activity.
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
The purpose of the present article is to judge and justify the conditions of system elements application of dual training at implementation of programs of professional education for increase of efficiency of functioning and quality of preparation of qualified personnel by institutions of the secondary professional education (SPE).
Methods. The methods used in work involve the comparative analysis of practice of application of dual training in system of professional education of Germany and regions of Russia for the purpose of identification of the existing problems and definition of optimum organizational and legal and didactic conditions.
Results. The essence of system of dual training, its strong and weaknesses reveals. Necessary and indispensable conditions of application of dual training in modern regional systems of professional education are proved.
Scientific novelty. According to the author, modern publications on problems and ways of development of professional education in Russia contain enough antinomy of standard and legal and organizational and administrative character. In particular, operating by the concept «dual education», an identification of the practice-focused and dual training introduction «the list 50 of the most demanded in labor market, the new and perspective professions that demand secondary professional education» as opposed to the existing list of professions and the constitutional guarantee of public and free secondary professional education. Standard and legal, and didactic conditions of application of elements of dual training in regional systems of professional education are proved theoretically.
Practical significance. Implementation of the research outcomes can be useful to pedagogical staff of institutions of secondary professional education, representatives of employers and Chambers of Commerce and Industry to the organization and use of system of dual training in training of skilled workers (serving) and experts of middle ranking.
Abstract. The aim of the investigation is to select how the thermal decomposition of crystallohydrate magnesium nitrates to capture the nitrogen compounds that are harmful to the environment; for the return of nitric acid to the initial stage of the process.
Methods. The methods involve physical and chemical analysis (IR spectroscopy, rentgennofazovy analysis), thermolysis and thermal hydrolysis of magnesium nitrate.
Results. Magnitudes of thermal effects are determined; mechanisms of thermal decomposition of magnesium nitrate in air and overheated water vapor are posed. Thermohydrolysis renders possible to produce undiluted magnesium oxide and regenerate nitric acid.
Scientific novelty. Undiluted magnesium oxide was produced by the method that requires less energy consumption.
Practical significance. The research results on regeneration of nitric acid and its reuse in the raw material processing containing magnesium open new prospects for production and can be applied as course materials for a practical training in organic chemistry in postgraduate study on chemical specialties.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH
The aim of this publication is to analyze the domestic and foreign psychological researches on influence of TV-programs on social, cognitive and emotional development of children.
Methods. Methods involve a comparative historical and psychological analysis of papers, manuscripts and archival records of television companies.
Results. The present study demonstrates that educational television, subsequently on-line resources for children, affect operative cognitive functions, increase cognitive motivation, and contribute to the formation of other important cognitive and social skills. However, the impact on children on-screen resources depends on the status and education level of the family.
Scientific novelty. Much attention is given to the fact that it is the first attempt to provide historical and psychological analysis of world-wide studies of the effects of children’s television, from the main countries-producers of TV and video programs for children of different age – Russia, USA, Germany, France, Israel, etc.
Criteria and matrix for comparison of heterogeneous researches, the domestic theory of child development, cultural-historical approach, the theory of stage formation of mental actions, activity theory had been chosen.
Practical significance of the research is that these criteria can be used to assess any of the videos, their educational potential. Psychologists involved in the process of television production, this article will help to simulate the learning process taking into account the age of the children and their socio-cultural origin.
The aim of the presented research is to define and operationalize theoretically the concept of infantilism and its construct. The content of theoretical construct «infantilism» is analyzed.
Methods. The methods of theoretical research involve analysis and synthesis. The age and content criteria are analysed in the context of childhood and adulthood. The traits which can be interpreted as adult infantile traits are described.
Results. The characteristics of adult infantilism in modern world taking into account the increasing of information flows and socio-economic changes are defined. The definition of the concept «infantilism» including its main features is given. Infantilism is defined as the personal organization including features and models of the previous age period not adequate for the real age stage with emphasis on immaturity of the emotional and volitional sphere.
Scientific novelty. The main psychological characteristics of adulthood are described as the reflection, requirement to work and professional activity, existence of professional self-determination, possession of labor skills, need for selfrealization, maturity of the emotional and volitional sphere. As objective adulthood characteristics are considered the following: transition to economic and territorial independence of a parental family, and also development of new social roles, such as a worker, spouse, and parent. Two options of a possible operationalization of concept are allocated: objective (existence / absence in real human life of objective criteria of adulthood) and subjective (the self-report on subjective feeling of existence / lack of psychological characteristics of adulthood).
Practical significance consists in a construct operationalization of «infantilism» which at the moment has so many interpretations. That operationalization is necessary for the further analysis and carrying out various researches.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION
The scientific specification of system and activity approach in relation to conditions of the educational process aimed at the development of computer competence is presented in the article. The task of efficiency increase of training process in information technologies of future teachers of vocational education in area of economy and management is set in the present research. Thus the attention of authors is focused on involving the trainees’ creative potential as much as possible through the application of model of the operated creative process.
Results. Research was conducted at the Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University; the main methods of research are a method of supervision, questioning and conversation. By results of research, the specifying steps to areas of technology of the organization of educational process, approaches and techniques are made; didactic materials and manuals that led to increase of results of educational process which main objective is an improvement of quality of formation of computer competence are developed.
Scientific novelty. Though separate elements of this research have already appeared in scientific literature, but in such combination, in relation to this technique of the organization of educational process, with use of the user computer hermeneutics (the term is for the first time used in such definition) researches have not been conducted yet.
Practical significance. The practical importance of work originates in a problem of development of computer competence of future teachers of professional education and plays a key role in the development of continuous education in the conditions of a general computerization and large-scale development of a global network.
REALIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL STANDARDS
The aim of the investigation is to give reason for compliance and conjugation of professional standards, Federal state educational standards of higher education and all-Russian classifiers united system of classification and coding the technical, economic and social information related to socio-cultural activities.
Methods. The methods used in the present study involve analysis of literature and legal documents, theoretical research, observation – are the basis of a systematic approach to the identification of problems of formation of the content of education in the field of socio-cultural activities.
Results. The causes of disorientation of participants of training the alumni of the university called to regulate the educational and labor relations in the field of «human resources quality».
Scientific novelty. A logical sequence of steps for pairing the documentary protection of organization of the content in higher education, considering the advanced training strategy is proposed.
Practical significance. The proposed solutions to problems of conjugation of documentary protection of training the highly qualified specialists in the field of socio-cultural activities discussed in the article will enhance practical work on updating the common approaches to creation of a unified conceptual apparatus describing the classification of professional activities.
SPECIAL CORRECTIONAL TRAINING
Abstract. The second part of the article aims to analyze domestic experience in support of children with autism; to show the complex model of support of positive socialization of children with ASD and severe defects; to justify the necessity of creating a scientifically validated complex model of support of children with ASD.
Methods. The methods involve theoretical analysis and summarization of scientific and methodical publications on the issue of socialization of children with ASD; modeling method.
Results. Scientific approaches to socialization and social integration of children with ASD are analyzed, summarized and systematized. The most efficient empirically validated methods and techniques that may be included in the process of social-psychological support of children with ASD and their families are indentified. Regional experience of the Russian Federation in solving the issue of socialization of children with ASD and their families is uncovered, the most effective programs and developments of domestic specialists are highlighted. The model of support of the positive socialization of children with ASD is developed and validated.
Scientific novelty. The proposed model is developed on the basis of the principles of multidisciplinarity and interdisciplinarity in the process of interaction between specialists of support, aimed at solving socialization problems of children with ASD and their families. The model incorporates such basic conditions of positive socialization of a child with ASD as: a state of mental health of a child; creation of conditions for successful process of socialization of a child, in particular, for the formation of basic social skills; provision of close interaction of children, psychologists, teachers, parents, social partners; monitoring of dynamics of total indicators of social competence and development of children.
Practical significance. The model is supposed to be the basis while creating support for children with ASD at public schools and correctional schools, organizations with inclusive practice, social-rehabilitation centers for minors, in the system of vocational development for teachers, doctors, social rehabilitologists, psychologists, specialists of correctional pedagogy.
Abstract. Kind relation between a child and caregiver (parent, teacher) is a critically vital point for psychological development of children. Better relations also contribute to the child’s healthy growth and intellectual, social and emotional development. Fundamental caregiving skills function as particularly important contribution to the quality and effectiveness all caregiving. In order to facilitate full development of a child, it is important that the caregiver have a positive conception of the child. In other words, a caregiver should regard a child as a person with potential for development. From this perspective International Child Development Programme (ICDP) functions as a resource-based communication and mediation approach which trains caregiver to develop a positive conception of their children and gain wider and deeper insight and confidence about their responsibilities and roles. Based on the themes of ICDP, the current research studied the quality of positive interaction between teacher assistants (TA) and children with special needs (CSN) in an inclusive primary education in Azerbaijan. The findings suggest that some elements of ICDP approach exist in teacher-student interaction. However, these interaction patterns are unprofessional and need development through relevant in-service trainings.
Methods. In this research a case study design of qualitative research was used to investigate teacher assistants’ (TA) understanding of positive attitude and how they establish positive relations with the students with special needs whom they take care of. As for the research method, the case study will adopt triangulation, a multiple methods of data collection which will include interview and observation to extend confidence in its validity and improve the quality of the data and accuracy of the findings.
Results. Comparative analyses of triangulation data demonstrate that TAs’ performance within the context of teacher-student positive interaction lags behind their conception of positive interaction patterns. That is to say, TAs spoke confidently, although unprofessionally, of the elements of positive interactions but did not demonstrate the same fully in their behavior. As observation data signified, the main reason of this, is that TAs lack professional techniques and skills for establishing positive interaction patterns.
Scientific novelty and practical significance. Scientific novelty of the study indicates that positive interaction between teachers and pupils appears as an important factor in terms of emotional and cognitive health of children. The current study underlined once more the lack of some important features of professionalism in the teaching activity of the participants involved in the research. Moreover, the result of the research signifies that ICDP themes do not manifest fully in teaching process which was the target of this research and neither in the teaching practices carried out based on traditional and conservative teaching strategies and consequently they need to be involved into relevant trainings.
THE HUMANITIES IN EDUCATION
The paper presents the main study results on the analysis of processes of establishing and development of Russian language studies and Russian language training practices in mainland China and Taiwan since the early XVIII century until now. Basing on the postulates of the social-and-cultural, systemic and historical, historiographical and axiological approaches, the authors attempt to describe the development of the theory and practice of teaching and studying Russian as a foreign language (RFL) with a view to form a complete picture of the past and present of the Russian language in China and Taiwan, to evaluate the role and importance of the Russian language, primarily, in the socialand-cultural, as well as in the social-and-political and even economic aspects, not only from historic perspectives but also in terms of the future development – basing on evolving cooperation between Russia, on the one hand, and China and Taiwan – on the other.
Methods. The main applied research methods are the comparative-historical and historical-and-logical analysis, historical reconstruction methods, systematization, theoretical generalizations and, partly, prediction.
Scientific novelty. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time in the broader period (1700–2000 s) it offers a generalized description of the establishment and development of Russian studies and practice of teaching the Russian language in China and Taiwan.
Practical significance. The implementation of the research outcomes can be useful due to a possibility of carrying on its basis of new studies on the problems of Russian philology and teaching Russian as a foreign language, the history of pedagogy and education, and comparative pedagogy (comparative linguistics).
CONSULTATIONS
The aim of the study is to develop the algorithm of formation of the case on discipline «Clinical Medicine».
Methods. The methods involve the effectiveness analysis of the self-diagnosed levels of professional and personal abilities of students in the process of self-study.
Results. The article deals with the organization of independent work of students of case-method, which is one of the most important and complex active learning methods. When implementing the method of case analysis in the educational process the main job of the teacher focused on the development of individual cases. While developing the case study of medical character the teacher needs to pay special attention to questions of pathogenesis and pathological anatomy for students’ formation of the fundamental clinical thinking allowing to estimate the patient’s condition as a complete organism, taking into account all its features, to understand the relationships of cause and effect arising at development of a concrete disease, to master new and to improve the available techniques of statement of the differential diagnosis.
Scientific novelty and practical significance. The structure of a medical case study to be followed in the development of the case on discipline «Clinical Medicine» is proposed. Unification algorithm formation cases is necessary for the full implementation of the introduction in the educational process in the higher medical school as one of the most effective active ways of learning – method of case analysis, in accordance with the requirements that apply to higher professional education modern reforms and, in particular, the introduction of new Federal State Educational Standards.
ISSN 2310-5828 (Online)